Discusses the problem of defining "open" school programs; reviews four instruments (Walberg and Thomas rating scale and teacher questionnaire, Barth Scale, Dimensions of Schooling questionnaire, and the Personal Record of School Experience) that can access the degree of openness of schools; also makes recommendations for further research. (DS)

Seventeen idea tactics to aid information specialists in furthering a reference search are defined as parts of total search strategies, and are grouped into idea generation and pattern breaking modes. Problems in testing such tactics are discussed. (FM)

The article emphasizes the need for a uniform format for defining the populations selected for research, particularly with learning disabled individuals. The population descriptions from three studies dealing with some aspect of reading are presented and scrutinized in terms of the four categories. (Author/DLS)

Presents a syntax of metophor, discussing a typology of metaphor, the relationship between literal sense and figurative sense, and the importance of a precise definition of metaphor. (AM)

Traces the history of grammar, emphasizing the relationship between grammatical theory and pedagogy, and that between grammar and rhetoric. (AM)

Focusing on children in preschool or early school settings, this paper attempts to identify research-based uses of the term social competence and to formulate a definition reflecting consensus across different research perspectives. (Author/SB)

In response to S. A. Cohen's paper on research problems in learning disabilities (LD), the author agrees that much research has shown inconsistent and inconclusive results, points out conceptual inadequacies in LD research, stresses the need to define the research population, and differentiates between constructs and behaviors. (DB)

Following notes on the extent of illiteracy in the Third World, a model is outlined for a functional literacy program with focus on the roles of the village worker and of the participants. (WL)

Traces the history of Populism and stresses various characteristics of Populist rhetoric such as its educational nature and concern for individual worth and rights. (MH)

Analyzes and clarifies some of the possible meanings of the concept of institutional racism. (Author)

This article consists of two lists of French vocabulary aimed at the French Air Force, and approved by the ministries of defense and education. Many terms are also in general use and reflect the government effort at "de-Anglicizing" the French language. (Text is in French.) (CHK)

In 1963, a Federal policy emerged which encouraged native villages to incorporate under Alaskan law, but once a village incorporates there are no safeguards that it will remain native-controlled. Under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, the native village's powers of self-government are severely restricted. (JC)

Presents a compilation of definitions of information and other related terms including data, knowledge, impact, and development to organize and interrelate them. The goal is to provide members of the information science profession with a common basis for referring to key concepts. (Author/LRW)