Data from 83,423 parent reports of temperament (surgency, negative affectivity, and regulatory capacity) in infants, toddlers, and children from 341 samples gathered in 59 countries were used to investigate the relations among culture, gender, and temperament. Between-nation differences in temperament were larger than those obtained in similar…

This article is a conceptual co-exploration of the relationship between philosophy and childism. It draws upon a colloquium in December 2021 at the Childism Institute at Rutgers University. Nine co-authors lay out and interweave scholarly imaginations to collectively explore the concept of childism in critical philosophical depth. Through diverse…

As the use of process data in large-scale educational assessments is becoming more common, it is clear that data on examinees' test-taking behaviors can illuminate their performance, and can have crucial ramifications concerning assessments' validity. A thorough review of the literature in the field may inform researchers and practitioners of…

Mental health conditions are more prevalent in autistic people than non-autistic people. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is a commonly used screening tool for emotional and behavioural difficulties in autistic children and adolescents. However, few studies have assessed the psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties…

This study aimed to examine and compare the lifestyles of Australian and Thai undergraduates. There were 213 students who participated in the study; 112 were Thai and 101 were Australian. The instrument included a questionnaire containing six lifestyle categories. Cronbach's alpha coefficient revealed that the questionnaire's reliability ranged…

This dissertation investigates the effectiveness of a professional development program aimed at enhancing early childhood education (ECE) teachers' abilities to identify and address developmentally appropriate versus maladaptive behaviors in young children. Utilizing an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, the study involves pre- and…

Criminals allegedly use effective novelty to intentionally exploit and harm others (creative fraud, theft, and murder). However, empirical evidence that criminals possess higher malevolent creativity than individuals without criminal backgrounds is lacking. We compared a male sample of prisoners in a maximum-security penitentiary (n = 140), police…

LGBTQ+ individuals face discrimination and stigma in academic biology. These challenges are likely magnified for graduate students. However, there have been no studies documenting the experiences of LGBTQ+ life sciences graduate students. To address this gap, we conducted an interview study of 22 biology PhD students from 13 universities across…

Paternal incarceration is an important predictor of teen delinquency, but the factors that may explain this relationship--such as early child problem behaviors and level of father engagement--have not been adequately explored. The current longitudinal study examined paternal history of incarceration as a predictor of teen self-reported delinquency…

This study examined the impact of lecturer incivility on students in Vietnam and the moderating role of social support in academic settings. Using a quantitative approach, surveys were conducted among 1,158 students in Ho Chi Minh City who regularly faced lecturer incivility. Results showed a significant link between lecturer incivility and…

Objective: Health coaching (HC) may promote healthy behaviors in incoming college students. Participants: 187 undergraduate students (76% female; age 18.6 ± 1.6) were recruited to participate in a peer HC program. Methods: Participants received four HC sessions in eight-weeks to work toward self-selected goals of physical activity (PA), diet, or…

The sharp rise over the past decade in young children's access to various forms of screen media (e.g., smartphones, tablets, TVs) has posed new and significant challenges to caregivers in managing children's use of this type of media. For caregivers of young children with externalizing behavior problems, managing children's time with screen media…

Preschoolers' prosocial behaviours support healthy interpersonal relationships as a component of their social adjustment process. Although several studies have found links between parental marital characteristics and preschoolers' prosocial behaviours, these conclusions were divisive. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the…

Instability in early childhood education and care (ECEC) arrangements may have detrimental consequences on children's mental health. This study examined ECEC trajectories in the first 30 months of life for 373 children from low-income families in Toronto. We provide information about patterns of instability and reasons for instability. We also…

In April 2021 the Behaviour Hubs programme was launched as a three-year programme to support schools and Multi-Academy Trusts (MATs) in improving behaviour culture and practice. Funded by the Department for Education (DfE), this programme facilitates close collaboration between 'lead' schools, known for exemplary behaviour cultures, and 'partner'…