Methods by which structural models correct for the effects of attenuation due to measurement error are reviewed, and implications of such disattenuation for interpreting the results of structural equation models are considered. Recommendations are made for improving the practice of disattenuation, and caution is urged in drawing inferences based…

A theoretical and philosophical revision of the concept of fit in structural equation modeling and its relation to a confirmation bias is developed. The neutral character of fit indexes regarding this issue is argued, concluding that protection against confirmation bias relies on model modification strategy and scientist behavior. (SLD)

Presents a validation procedure for cognitive structures that is based on structural equation modeling of cognitive subordination relationships among test items. Illustrates the method using scores of 278 ninth graders on an algebra test and shows results for the same test when the linear logistic test model is used. (SLD)

Tested a model of HIV behavior risk, using a fully cross-lagged, longitudinal design to illustrate the analysis of larger structural equation models. Data from 527 women who completed a survey at three time points show excellent fit of the model to the data. (SLD)

Used a structural modeling approach to evaluate relations among attitudes, initial skills, and performance in a Quantitative Methods course that involved students in active learning. Results largely confirmed hypotheses offering support for educational reform efforts that propose actively involving students in the learning process, especially in…

Analysis of psychological contract variables (affective and continuance commitment, intention to quit, well-being, job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior)was conducted on two samples: 1,608 banking employees (71% part time) and 366 supermarket employees (65% part time). Part- and full-time workers had different attitudes; fulfilment…

Describes an alternative approach to assessing content validity and content equivalence in terms of item-content structures and content area constructs. Results from applying structural equation modeling to item-response data from two Regents College examinations to verify content constructs suggest the different degrees of inconsistency and bias…

An example application of latent growth methodology used to analyze developmental change in adolescent alcohol consumption is presented. Findings are discussed with reference to the utility of latent growth curve models for assessing developmental processes of both the inter- and intra-individual level across a variety of behavioral domains. (SLD)

An algorithm for obtaining initial values for the minimization process in covariance structure analysis is developed that is more generally applicable for computing parameters connected to latent variables than the currently existing ones. The algorithm is formulated in terms of the RAM model but can be extended. (SLD)

Used empirical example of longitudinal experimental prevention study with two groups to illustrate use of structural equation modeling, first, to systematically test measurement invariance across groups at each wave of measurement, and second, after establishing measurement invariance, to test structural invariance longitudinally. (Author/NB)

An analysis of sibling data from the National Youth Survey shows the pitfalls of ignoring issues of independence and demonstrate how conventional covariance structure software can be easily adapted to handle hierarchical models, providing a new approach that models within-level and between-level covariance matrices in familial antisocial behavior.…

Discusses two criticisms raised by L. Hayduk and D. Glaser of the most commonly used point estimate of the Root Mean Square Error (RMSEA) and points out misconceptions in their discussion. Although there are apparent flaws in their arguments, the RMSEA is open to question for several other reasons. (SLD)

Sample sizes (n=15, 25, 50, 100) were examined (1,000 times each) with replacement from each of 5 data files from teacher subject test areas to compare statistical bias and standard error. Trivial levels of equating bias were present with small samples, and substantial increases in standard errors were found as the sample size decreased. (MAK)

Critiques H. W. Marsh and K.-T. Hau's (1996) assertion that parsimony is not always desirable when assessing model-fit on a particular counterexample drawn from Marsh's previous research. This counterexample is neither general nor valid enough to support such a thesis and it signals an oversight of extant, stochastic models justifying correlated…

In response to H. W. Marsh and K.-T. Hau's (1996) article on the potential for inferential errors when parsimony is rewarded in the evaluation of overall fit of structural equation models, a design-sensitive adjustment to the standard parsimony ratio is proposed. This ratio renders a more reasonable upper bound than does the standard parsimony…