The purpose of the eight studies reported in this paper was two-fold: to identify some of the relationships that exist between the unique properties of diagrams and various aspects of cognitive processes and learning, and, subsequently, to derive principles from these relationships that would direct the design and use of diagrams in the classroom.…

A six year old female tutor was trained to facilitate social conversation between two male age mates (selected for their infrequent level of social interactions) during daily play sessions. Tutoring of peer initiations occurred in a small room adjacent to the main classroom. The peers were tutored to request information (RI) and request behavior…

The purpose of this research project was to evaluate the effects of prompts and cues in paired-associate learning. Experiment One was to investigate the effects of cues and prompting on the learning of Japanese vocabulary. Experiment Two duplicated the above using digit-nonsense syllable combinations as the paired associates. The next three…

The purposes of this study were to replicate and extend the list learning results in a prose context, and to explore both the learning of incidental material and the effect of a text organization pretest and posttest information about passage structure. One hundred twenty-eight college undergraduates read a 460 word prose story, which mentioned…

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of various prompting procedures in teaching children a sight vocabulary. The five words which comprised the sight vocabulary were presented to 96 five-year-olds in nursery and elementary schools. During initial training, integrated stimuli and non-integrated stimuli differed with respect to the…

Three experiments were performed to extend the research using the Subject Matter Trainer (SMT), an early teaching machine. Various training modes were compared. In all three experiments, the subject's task was to learn adjective pairs. Experiment I used the anticipation method. A test slide was shown first with an adjective singled out at the top…

Children 3 1/2 and 5 years of age were tested for their intuitive knowledge of the psychological fact that one mental event may trigger or cue another related mental event. (JMB)

Siblings of three moderately retarded children were taught to use a prompt sequence and social praise to train siblings in domestic tasks. The training skills of the nonhandicapped children generalized to teaching new skills and the independent skill performance of handicapped siblings increased as a result of the training. (Author/DB)

The system of least prompts, an instructional strategy used with moderately and severely handicapped students, is described. A literature review analyzes the populations for which the procedure has been used, the type of skills that have been taught, the results obtained, and describes specific system parameters used by each author. (Author/VW)

Results of a "loose training" prompting tactic to teach an autistic 11-year-old boy to initiate interactions with his peers resulted in increased spontaneous interactions (1) with training peers in nontraining, generalization sessions and (2) with nontraining peers in generalization sessions. (Author/DB)

Three autistic boys (ages 9-13) were trained to select a card containing a stimulus array comprised of three visual cues. Decreased distance between cues resulted in responses to more cues, increased distance to fewer cues. Distances did not affect the responding of children matched for mental and chronological age. (Author/JW)

Three adolescents with moderate to severe mental retardation were taught to use picture prompts to guide their performance on two vocational sequencing tasks. All students completed the training task with at least 96% accuracy with the picture prompts, and generalized their performance with equal accuracy to the untrained task. (Author/CL)

Direct instruction and practice, visual prompts, self-instruction procedures, evaluative reinforcement, and charting were used to remediate the handwriting deficiencies of a gifted, left-handed first grader. (CL)

Results confirm an earlier finding that experimentally induced rehearsal facilitates recall. (Authors/CS)

The hypothesis that thematic prompts facilitate learning by furnishing mediators was investigated in three experiments, two of which produced enhanced learning. (CK)