Studied whether white and nonwhite males and females would judge cheating by target subjects differently based on the target's physiognomy and gender. Results from a sample of 146 undergraduates show that although whites' ratings did not differ according to target physiognomy, nonwhites favored more African targets. (SLD)

Describes a statistical procedure that detects cheating by comparing answers for pairs of students using those items on which both made errors. If the number of identical wrong answers is greater than the number expected by chance, cheating is likely. Suggests using procedure to discourage cheating. (KO)

Researchers and college administrators say fraud by researchers is rare and that continuing Congressional hearings and widespread publicity have seriously damaged the political influence of academic research. They fear increased regulation of federally supported work, loss of support for federal financing, and Congressional attempts to validate…

Survey responses from 207 of 313 graduate business students revealed that 80% had engaged in at least 1 of 15 unethical practices. No relationship appeared between ethical behavior/attitudes and student characteristics. Despite their self-perception as more ethical than undergraduates, graduate students had similar frequency of unethical behavior…

The "high stakes" environment surrounding student performance on standardized achievement tests has pressured educators to improve test scores--in both appropriate and inappropriate ways. Convened to examine such testing practices, a National Council on Measurement in Education developed guidelines for managing ethical, instructional,…

On 2 occasions, observed 22 boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 22 controls in laboratory setting which allowed subjects to steal or cheat. ADHD subjects received methylphenidate-placebo crossover. Laboratory stealing and property damage were positively correlated with maternal and staff ratings of parallel behaviors.…

A survey of 243 predoctoral students at the New Jersey Dental School investigated attitudes about specific cheating behaviors, such as copying on examinations and forging attendance list signatures. Responses indicated that students felt cheating was generally not justifiable but also suggested that students might benefit from ethics courses. (MSE)

A discussion of fraud in the presentation of results of scientific research cites cases looks at variations in the degree of misrepresentation, kinds and intents of fraud, attention given by public agencies (National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Public Health Service), and differences between scientific and civil fraud. (MSE)

Conducted study to develop framework for addressing academic dishonesty from student development perspective and to describe current practices used by colleges and universities to address academic dishonesty and promote integrity. Findings from representatives of 191 colleges and universities revealed that only about one-fourth of institutions had…

Increasing pressure to raise test scores has led to increased cheating by educators. This results in inaccurate information about individual students. Research suggests that significant numbers of teachers witness or participate in cheating and appear increasingly indifferent to cheating. Necessary actions to address the problem of cheating…

Reports on a study of the academic integrity culture of a mid-sized comprehensive private university. Study outcomes illustrate the need to address campus culture issues before attempting to create a student honor code. Argues that the need to involve every layer of an institution is key to the creation of a culture that will support and sustain a…

Discussion of academic cheating and plagiarism focuses on occurrences in online courses, based on experiences at Baker College (Michigan). Highlights include tools to fight plagiarism; using search engines to detect plagiarism; digital paper mills; plagiarism detection companies; and the role of administrators and faculty. (LRW)

Conducted a meta-analysis that included studies of gender differences in college students' attitudes toward cheating, cheating behavior, and both attitudes and behaviors. Investigated changes over 4 decades. Attitudinal gender differences were relatively large, but behavioral gender differences were small. Mean gender differences in attitudes…

There are three types of Internet cheaters: unintentional, sneaky, and lazy. Plagiarism is not new, but Internet cheat sites allowing users to cut and paste papers easily from untraceable sources are widespread. Teachers should be aware of cheat sites, demand rewrites, assign unique topics, and teach source documentation. (MLH)

Recognizing the challenges of addressing plagiarism within schools of social work and diverse faculty opinion on the issue, our school of social work engaged in several efforts to clarify issues and establish consensus among the faculty. Issues that required clarification included: definitions of plagiarism, steps to take when confronted with…