This longitudinal study explored the effects of early language stimulation upon norms of the language development of three infants. When the infants were 4-5 months old, a long-term program of intensified early language stimulation was implemented by weekly home tutoring sessions with the parents. The tutor stimulation program consisted of an…

The questioning techniques which teachers use when leading a class discussion of a reading assignment can be an essential component of profitable instruction. A brief review of the past 50 years of research on questioning levels indicates a need for attention to the cognitive level of queries as well as to their sequence since investigators have…

The purpose of this study was to examine possible relationships between moral and cognitive development in second- and fifth-grade children. Sixty children were used in the study. Levels of cognitive development were evaluated using four learning tasks and moral development was assessed by presenting four conflicting situations to each subject for…

As part of a survey of cognitive style variables in Maryland ninth-graders, sense of control is measured by the Crandall scales for intellectual achievement responsibility. Feelings of control over success are greater than those over failure for both sexes. The results of this study disagree with previous work in four ways: (1) control beliefs do…

The purpose of this study was to ascertain both the cognitive and creative output of white and Negro children. Intelligence and creativity test batteries were administered to 34 Negro and to 36 white eighth grade children in segregated, rural schools in a culturally deprived area of Georgia. Specific hypotheses tested were: (1) the level of…

Reported is another study related to the Project on an Information Memory Model. The purpose of this study was to establish the possible relationships of personality characteristics with the processing of information by humans in an abstract problem solving task. Thirty senior high school students, each of whom had completed the Edwards Personal…

Reported is one of a series of investigations of the Project on an Information Memory Model. This study was done to test an information memory model for identifying the unit of information structure involved in task cognitions by humans. Four groups of 30 randomly selected subjects (ages 7, 9, 11 and 15 years) performed a sorting task of 14…

Investigated was the effect of systematically combined high and low level cognitive objectives upon the acquisition of science learning. An instructional unit based on a Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) Inquiry Slide Set (structure and function, control of blood sugar, a homeostatic mechanism) was chosen because it included stimuli for…

After consideration of the drawbacks of such psychometrically derived theories of cognitive abilities as those of Guttman, Cattell, and Guilford, appeal is made to E. B. Hunt's "distributive memory" model and A. Newell's concept of the "production system" as possible bases for developing an alternative theory. Such a theory of…

This study involved the use of an auto-tutorial system (plant taxonomy module) and its effect on cognitive learning. Student performance was investigated and compared for two groups, one of which received immediate reinforcement and feedback while the other group did not. Two biology teachers, from a group of 14, were randomly selected to…

This review was undertaken to determine whether there is evidence to support the reality of a stage of Formal Operational Thought, whether there is agreement as to the Age of Acquisition of it, and the effect of schooling on the acquisition of the ability to perform formal operational tasks. An extensive review of the literature, including many…

This booklet brings the student some knowledge of drugs and how they are used and abused by people. Fourteen lessons for independent study are presented. Each lesson starts with a pretest for self-assessment purposes. If the score on the pretest indicates the student would benefit from further study on the particular lesson, general subject matter…

Conventional methods used for the presentation of pre- and post statistical information generally are deficient in economy and compactness and fail to show internal movement from pre- to posttest. This technique precludes these shortcomings through the presentation of information in a highly visible manner which reveals the strata of internal…

Research on Trait by Treatment Interaction must become more coordinated. It should include systematic programs by individual investigators as well as those among investigators. Important factors to consider are (1) developing a clearer definition of traits which will include availability and preference as well as aptitude and ability in both the…

Reported are the results of a study of the Piagetian formal thought range of 3600 students, 13 to 15 years old, in seven countries: Denmark, Sweden, Italy, United States, Austria, Germany, and Great Britain. Cognitive measurement was obtained by group administration of two tasks to assess proportional reasoning and control of variables. Overall…