Increases in mental health needs resulting from traumatic events have brought challenges that affect students' ability to fully engage in learning. The School-Based Mental Health Services (SBMH) Grant Program aims to address these challenges by increasing the number of credentialed mental health services providers providing school-based mental health services to students in local educational agencies (LEA) with demonstrated need. The U.S. Department of Education's (Department) Office of Elementary and Secondary Education (OESE) competitively awarded 6 new 5-year grants totaling about $11.1 million and 1 new $2.5 million 5-year grant in fiscal years 2020 and 2021, respectively. In fiscal year 2022, OESE awarded 103 new 5-year grants totaling about $131.8 million. The objective of this audit was to determine whether OESE implemented processes to provide reasonable assurance that it awarded SBMH Grant Program grants in accordance with grant requirements and Department policy and monitored grantee performance. The audit covered OESE's processes for awarding grants during the fiscal year 2022 SBMH Grant Program competition and for monitoring the performance of the seven grantees included in the fiscal years 2020 and 2021 cohorts.