The research aims to develop a Mathematical Cognitive Test (MCT) within the context of the Jember agricultural environment to improve the Mathematical Connection Ability (MCA) of high school students. This MCT was developed using the Thiagarajan 4D model, which consists of the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The research subjects consisted of 26 students and mathematics teachers at a high school in Jember, east Java Indonesia. Data collection was carried out from July to August 2023, using documentation, observation, validation, tests, questionnaires, and interviews. Data analysis uses a qualitative descriptive approach. This research has contributed to the product of an MCT with the context of an agricultural environment that is valid, practical, and effective to improve students' MCA. This MCT can be used as an example for mathematics teachers in schools to develop MCT according to the context of the environment where students live. In addition, this MCT can also be used to train students to solve MCT problems so that their MCA increases.