The counselor must identify measurable objectives in terms of what he does or in terms of the student's behavior to be changed. To implement the concept of evaluation, the counselor must identify his goals, specify the objectives, and determine ways to evaluate accomplishment of his goals and objectives. The important evaluative criterion in the…

School decentralization in New York City has been avidly watched nationally by educators and governmental decision makers. School decentralization was regarded as a necessary reform, if not a panacea and has had a long history. For three decades, educational reports stressed the need to divide large urban school districts into smaller more…

Career development is approached in this guide for counselors through a self-concept model which focuses on the individual's perceptions of experiences in relation to exploring various occupations and careers. Chapter 1 is devoted to theoretical considerations involving a self-concept approach and the implications of this approach to career…

Covering the period of June 1973 to June 1976, this final report describes objectives, activities, results, and accomplishments to date of a career education project serving nearly 10,000 K-12 students in five school districts in Southeastern Idaho. Accomplishments listed for continued implementation in the third operational year include these: An…

The Pittsburgh Plan, a voluntary hometown plan designed to place minorities in local building trade unions, is described in detail from the perspective of its operations, its effectiveness in carrying out its purpose, and the individuals it serves. A benefit-cost analysis of the Pittsburgh Plan is presented. The significance of the results and its…

A multivariate "school process" model is evaluated to explore the antecendents and consequences of curriculum enrollment. Selected characteristics of peer associates, measures of academic achievement, and three subjective outcome variables--educational plans, self-conceptions of academic competence, and intellectual orientations--are…

A descriptive study concerning educational service delivery for limited English-proficient disabled students was conducted in 145 California school districts. Results provided both quantitative and qualitative information concerning proportional representation, screening, identification, evaluation, re-evaluation, school-family interactions,…

Secondary special education programs should include employment or postsecondary education placement outcomes in the curricula for mainstreamed mildly handicapped students. Program elements that support these goals are: individualized transition plans; paid work experience; job-seeking skills curriculum; flexible staffing patterns; active…

Statistical methods employed by Alexander and Pallas do not negate the differences between public and private school students' achievement. Instead, their work supports the conclusion that Catholic schools help average students achieve by increasing the likelihood of their enrollment in the academic track and by enhancing their performance in the…

Teachers make the greatest impact on students--what they learn, how they learn it, and what they do with it. Decades of research clearly demonstrate that a quality teacher, more than any other factor, enables students to overcome obstacles to learning like poverty and can even erase the achievement gap. The problem is that many teachers lack the…

This document provides guidelines for the inclusion of English Language Learners (ELLs) in K-12 assessments. Twenty questions and answers are provided, along with a list of references. The following are appended: (1) Placement Tools for English Language Learners; (2) Definitions; (3) Typical Bilingual Program Designs; (4) Typical ESL Program…

Of all the factors that schools control, teacher quality is the one that most affects student achievement (Darling-Hammond, 2000). In fact, researcher Eric Hanushek (2002) found the difference in annual student achievement growth between a student taught by an effective teacher and one taught by an ineffective teacher can be as much as one…

The utility of a quasi-experimental evaluation design for estimating benefits derived from a program to match job-seekers to openings listed by employers was examined in three studies of Job Service referrals and placements in Washington and Oregon. Data examined included a mail survey of a sample of 587 Washington residents referred to job…

A study extended studies on use of prior learning assessment and recognition (PLAR) by concentrating on learners/students outside of the college system and exploring student experience with all dimensions of the use of PLAR. Fourteen university students were interviewed. Findings indicated respondents had re-entered formal education by novel means…

This report provides findings and recommendations in response to a Legislative directive for the Iowa College Student Aid Commission to develop policy recommendations for the Iowa Tuition Grant program. The program provides grants to college and university students. The following are appended: (1) 2005 Iowa Acts Chapter 169, Section 3. Language…