This guide defines the basic competencies in reasoning and describes how to incorporate them into the educational program at all grade levels. Reasoning is the ability to approach day-to-day problems with intelligent decision-making skills. It is important for students to begin developing reasoning skills at an early age and in all subject areas.…

This handbook contains lesson plans to help elementary teachers integrate legal and values education into their reading, language arts, and social studies programs. The teacher-developed lessons are also intended to help students develop critical thinking and decision-making skills. The handbooks begins with brief descriptions of the various…

A student project was designed to promote the development of critical reading, critical thinking, and study skills in seventh grade honors students in a developmental reading program. Inherent within the design of the project was the notion that the students would select a topic of interest to research, thereby enhancing student motivation and…

Eight social studies skills and strategies for their implementation at the secondary level are outlined. Each skill is presented in a separate chapter which defines the skill, offers a rationale for its inclusion, and provides sample activities. Chapter I focuses on listening and speaking skills. Activities emphasize using a recording to develop…

To help preservice and inservice social studies teachers develop systematic ways of integrating skills and content, this manual offers a model and simple instructional exercises for the diagnostic teaching of how to investigate a cartoon. Designed mainly for use with children in grades 4-6, the material is adaptable for use at other grade levels.…

As the United States approaches the 25th anniversary of television in households, it is appropriate that more serious attention be given to the effects it is having on the individual, culture, and society. While few individuals expected television to have the immense influence it presently enjoys, it is both surprising and disappointing that…

This study investigates the cognitive nature of teacher-pupil questions in "process oriented" and "content oriented" secondary social studies programs. Subjects were five classes selected from a program viewed by both teachers and pupils as process-oriented; five from a program viewed by both teachers and pupils as content…

To meet the sociological, psychological, and linguistic needs of disadvantaged children in teaching the language arts, both special teacher preparation--involving field experiences and mastery of the subject matter as well as teaching strategies--and effective language programs are necessary. Various teaching methods and materials have met with…

This study dealt with the relationship of educational background, age, sex, and liberal education to critical thinking and open-mindedness for participants (119 Michigan farmers, aged about 25-35, and their wives) in an extensive continuing education program. Three groups admitted to the Kellogg Farmers Study Program (KFSP) in 1965, 1966, and…

A study conducted in four Wisconsin secondary schools attempted to measure student abilities in evaluating verbal argument and to determine the grade level at which verbal argument concepts and skills should be appropriately taught. Seven tests, known as the Wisconsin Tests of Testimony and Reasoning Assessment (WISTTRA), were administered to 3000…

A desirable approach and sequence for the presentation of rhetorical principles to students of junior high school age is outlined. Principles of invention, logical ordering, strategy, and style are discussed with special reference to writing models, developing skills of observation, audience consideration, and precise diction. Specific objectives…

The general purpose of the twelfth grade course is to help the student assume his role as a decision-maker in a democratic society. The nature and complexity of contemporary problems are examined using this guide to enable the student: 1) to analyze alternative solutions to these problems; 2) to develop attitudes and values appropriate to a…

This global-centric study for average to superior senior high students provides historical and cultural world understandings. The objective is to prepare students to become intelligent, effective, and articulate citizens. Emphasis is upon learning to assess the nature of values through the knowledge of history and the use of adequate tools of…

A framework of the historical development of African Americans is provided in these social studies units designed for secondary students. The purpose of the guide is to assist teachers in presenting an unbiased view of American history which includes the rich cultural heritage of Africa, thereby giving students an understanding of the significance…

Suggests that while teachers may wish to guide students in their reading of literature--to give them only "good" literature and to help them see the "right" interpretations of it--such guidance leaves students' understanding to chance, and does not help them choose to think and construct values of their own. (JC)