As a fraternity member, past chapter president, and former national committee representative, Ricky L. Jones is uniquely qualified to write about the sometimes deadly world of black fraternity hazing. Examining five major black Greek-letter fraternities, Jones maintains that hazing rituals within these fraternities are more deeply ingrained,…

Changes during the last five years in the inadequate representation of racial minority groups in childrens' books are discussed. (AB)

Examines the works of the Indian author, Farrukh Dhondy, who wants his readers to explore a society that produces "ethnic problems." (HOD)

Reports a research study assessing the relationship between the interpersonal classification and racial classification abilities of 80 Black elementary school children. (EF)

To examine the relationship between racial identity, self-esteem, and academic achievement, this study administered the Racial Identity Attitude Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and a background questionnaire to African American students from a historically black college. Results showed that the unique effect of racial identity on academic…

Explores the relationship between womanist identity and racial identity development. Measured the racial identity and womanist identity attitudes of 214 women. Results showed a significant relation between the two for black women. No such relationship emerged for white women, which may indicate a process more structurally consistent for black…

Using the Oklahoma Racial Attitudes Scale-Preliminary Form, researchers examined the White racial consciousness (WRC) of 534 White student affairs practitioners. Experience with multicultural issues, self-identification with a socially marginalized group, discussions with supervisors on race and multicultural issues, and interest in working with…

Asserts that racism is part of everyday life among U.S. Latinos and is confounded by U.S. racism. Further asserts white Latinos implement systematic racism against their dark compatriots, supported by institutionalized U.S. racism. Elite white Latinos distance themselves from "social white" Latinos. U.S. racism defines interethnic and…

Study tests Cross's revised racial identity model. The relationship between racial identity attitudes and internalized racialism was examined in 153 African American college students attending a historically Black university. Findings indicated that the pre-encounter racial identity attitudes of miseducation and self-hatred, and immersion-emersion…

Using an ecology model of human development, frames the exploration of racial identities of 38 college students with multiple racial heritages. Maps the influence of interactions within and between specific environments on students' decisions to identify in one or more of five patterns of mixed race identity found in a previous study. (Contains 43…

This article differentiates shame from guilt, describes the link between shame and white identity development, and outlines how experiences of shame in white counseling trainees may limit their professional growth if not addressed by trainers. Steps for assessing, actively processing and following up with these experiences during training…

Conducts a principal components analysis of the White Racial Identity Attitudes Scale (WRIAS) with data from 430 college students. Results indicated four factors that did not correspond to the original scales. In fact, the rescaled constructs reflected two dimensions of positive White identity and two dimensions of negative White identity.…

Examined which aspects of counseling process, in which process was defined as participants' covert responses to one another during verbal dyadic interactions, describe different racial identity relationship types. Findings from 66 mental health workers (simulated counselors and clients) supported Helm's assumption that specific dimensions might be…

Finds weak or inconsistent relationships between self-esteem and the following components: negative stereotypes of one's group; acceptance versus rejection of one's group membership; knowledge about one's group; and commitment to the group. Suggests a strong ethnic identity, when accompanied by a positive mainstream orientation, is related to high…

Item and factor analyses examined the psychometric characteristics of the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale based on data from 308 white college students. Then five trained judges assigned scale items to appropriate subscales. Results did not support the psychometric adequacy of the scale. (SK)