Although racial identity theory has the potential to explain some aspects of career development, its value would be increased by conceptualizing race as a dependent variable in research and theory. Examples involving career salience, satisfaction, and satisfactoriness demonstrate the limitations of racial comparison studies. (SK)

The concept of nigrescence--formation of African-American racial identity--is useful for understanding African Americans' career development attitudes and behavior. Examination of research issues related to the influence of racial identity on values, opportunities, stereotypes, career decisions, and workforce diversity demonstrate that…

Used instrument designed using models of identity awareness for black Americans and for diverse multicultural populations on at-risk college students (n=165). Results indicated that levels of ethnic awareness and perception of discrimination were crucial when counseling students on academic, personal, and career-related matters. (Author/NB)

Beverly Daniel Tatum, child psychologist and a dean at Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, who has written about racial-identity development in teens and its impact in the classroom, argues that straight talk about race is essential and that racism affects everyone. (JOW)

Examines specific collective identity and political expression of the rap group the Wu-Tang Clan. Reveals a multi-layered political strategy that has been conscientiously designed and implemented to instigate a social movement. Prioritizes the voices of marginalized Black peoples and provides raw narratives about oppression. (MMU)

Examines the nature of racial group identity in an effort to determine its role in the formation of African-American media evaluations. Views racial identity as one of many forms of individual identity that help to shape our relations with others. Focuses on areas of domestic violence and the image of Black men. (MMU)

Article describes a study that investigated adolescent attitudes towards Blackness in Great Britain. A positive relationship was found between racial identity attitudes and self-esteem among older adolescents. Tentative conclusions include the possibility that dual identification and multicultural environments are associated with a positive sense…

Investigated three models of relationships between African self-consciousness, health consciousness, and health-promoting behaviors among African American college students. The models included the mediator model, moderator model, and independent model. Surveys of 80 students supported the independent model, suggesting that African…

The impact of an integrative multicultural training program on the development of white racial identity and interracial comfort was examined. Counseling graduate students participated in the training. Psychometric data and factor structures are provided for the White Racial Consciousness Development Scale and the Interracial Comfort Index.…

Racial identity models emphasize the assessment of clients' racial identity and its dynamic interaction with counselors' racial identity. With an emphasis on Helms' (1995) model, this article discusses how racial identity models may be applied to support multicultural counseling practice. (Contains 59 references.) (GCP)

Recommends a sociocultural approach to research, policies, and practices in social studies education, using research on relationships among young people's racial identities, teachers' pedagogies, and teachers' and students' interpretations of American history as an example of a sociocultural approach to research and discussing research on the…

Investigated ethnic identity among urban adolescents using the revised Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure. Interviews with White, Asian American, Hispanic American, and African American youths indicated that Whites scored significantly lower than the other groups, whose scores were similar to one another. The similarity in measurement properties…

Documents the limitations of the 1991 Census classification of "mixed" race parentage. Examines the only official sources of information that can be used to estimate the number of children of mixed parentage, and assesses policy needs for such information. (JPB)

This article broadens the conceptual framework of ethnic identity theory by integrating an interdependent perspective of self into counseling theory and practice. A review of ethnic identity theory is presented with a focus on the literature emphasizing the relational and cultural context in the development of self. (Author/MKA)

Some higher education officials believe that hip-hop music is eating away at the morals, and ultimately the classroom experience, of today's college students. Discusses why the gap exists between student and faculty attitudes toward hip-hop, how hip-hop music represents blackness, how people perceive hip-hop youth, the positive side of hip-hop,…