Ways in which children learn about race and form attitudes towards groups other than their own are described and the processes underlying the development of racial awareness and racial attitudes are delineated. The first three sections of the paper discuss the age at which racial attitudes begin to form, the developmental antecedents of racial…

The primary purpose of a project was to describe the dynamics of attitude and behavior change with implications for vocational education. Secondary purposes were to determine and document efforts of various states and agencies relating to sex equity and to formulate a series of recommendations concerning equity programs in vocational education in…

Appropriateness indexes (statistical formulas) for detecting suspiciously high or low scores on aptitude tests were presented, based on a simulation of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) with 3,000 simulated scores--2,800 normal and 200 suspicious. The traditional index--marginal probability--uses a model for the normal examinee's test-taking…

Four problems faced by the staff of the California Assessment Program (CAP) were solved by applying Rasch scaling techniques: (1) item cultural bias in the Entry Level Test (ELT) given to all first grade pupils; (2) nonlinear regression analysis of the third grade Reading Test scores; (3) comparison of school growth from grades two to three, using…

Citing other studies, this paper provides a background overview regarding the design of a lifelong career development model for severely handicapped individuals which is now in progress at the University of Missouri-Columbia. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, the Educational Amendments of 1976…

Much of this study is devoted to finding out the views, prejudices, and perceptions of the white majority about the black minority in the United States. The survey was taken among a nationwide sample between October 6, and November 8, 1978. It included 1,673 whites and an oversample of 281 Jewish people, with subsamples of 86 Spanish Americans,…

This final report of Project OPTION (Opening People to Increasing Opportunities Now) is also a handbook including methods used in the project and suitable for replication. The first section outlines the design of the project, whose goals were to reduce the influence of sex-role stereotyping on students' career choices, increase awareness of…

Both teacher and student materials are included in this guide for a postsecondary course intended to provide training in the psychological aspects of confrontation, disturbance, or disorder. One of a number of military-developed curriculum packages selected for adaptation to vocational instruction and curriculum development in a civilian setting,…

This handbook is designed to provide the background information necessary for individuals and community groups to become involved in local vocational education programs in order to help end sex bias, stereotyping, and discrimination in such programs. The first four chapters of the handbook develop the background of the problem, providing…

Materials in this handbook of procedures for implementing a sex equity workshop consist of six steps intended for adaptation in educational meetings, classrooms, and community gatherings. Outlined in the first section on the need for eliminating sex role stereotyping are legislative and economic mandates for sex equity and goals for inservice…

An eight-year study of the academic performance and dropout rate of Chicano students majoring in law enforcement was conducted at San Jose City College. The study revealed that during the first semester Chicano students had a higher dropout rate and lower grades than the class as a whole. However, by the second year, the dropout rate was not…

This handbook for home economics teachers as well as those teaching social studies and consumer education is designed to provide content and numerous student activities that explore the nature and effects of changing roles in society, particularly sex-related roles. The handbook begins with a brief section containing ten short single paragraph…

This amicus curiae was filed by the Educational Testing Service (ETS) in the case of the United States of America and North Carolina Association of Educators v. North Carolina, which involved the validity of North Carolina's use of the National Teacher Examinations (NTE). The NTE, a battery of achievement tests designed to measure the academic…

This study manipulates the variables of children's ethnicity, sex, and ability to ascertain the nature of the interaction relationship between teacher expectancies and student performance. The subjects were urban teachers who were asked to read case histories and then rate the child on a Likert-type family and pupil behavior rating form and a…

The materials in the staff awareness program were developed to assist facilitators of career education inservice training. The purpose of the program is to increase the expectations of teachers toward the career potentials of all students regardless of their race, sex, ethnic background, or the socioeconomic status of the family. The program helps…