The College Board's College Level Entrance Examination and the Educational Testing Service's Advanced Placement Program allow students to earn credits for degrees without formal courses. (HS)

San Francisco State College's new program of credit by examination enabled 38 percent of the 1971 freshmen who took the CLEP to become instant sophomores. (HS)

Results of a limited comparative study of selected parameters relating to the planning and financing of engineering education programs, sponsored by southeastern section of the American Society for Engineering Education. (IR)

Discusses why credit courses are offered and some forces for change in the curriculum. Briefly summarizes the status of credit courses offered in each Canadian province; the importance of credit courses, offered in Ontario, to students and the guidance departments; and the advantages and disadvantages of offering such courses. (NQA)

The article cites studies on the potential impact of tuition tax credits for private schools, and it notes particular ramifications for public school special education such as reduced numbers of positive role models due to flight of affluent and academically able students to private schools and reduction in public school revenues. (CL)

Summarizes the activities of the 97th Congress on taxes. Reviews 1981 enactments and 1982 proposals regarding tax cuts, tax increases, indexing of tax brackets, interest earnings, depreciation, and business incentives. Examines tax administration problems and flat-rate tax proposals and discusses the progressive income tax. (Author/RW)

A questionnaire survey of loan departments at 41 Illinois banks examined the effects of environmental diversity, uncertainty of loan repayment, and volatility of local unemployment on the banks' decision-making procedures on loan applications. Results indicate the banks' normal procedures vary with environmental diversity but not with volatility.…

Discusses court cases challenging school policies denying credit or lowering grades because of excessive student absences. (JM)

Insights into deductibility of certain expenses incurred by university professors are provided. The new tax act provides opportunities as well as pitfalls. Research expenses incurred with and without profit motive are discussed. (MLW)

Describes some of the problems for the individual inherent in the rapidly expanding computerized field of credit and banking. Proposes that electronic fund transfer systems could virtually replace the use of cash. Warns that while such systems offer wide advantages to business, they threaten the individual's privacy. (JMF)

A student at Empire State College of the State University of New York studying under a mentor like Sharon Villines is likely to get college credit in a wider variety of subject areas than a candidate for a traditional bachelors degree. (MM)

Describes the advantages and disadvantages of required v drop-in tutoring at a writing lab and advises the training of peer tutors through peer criticism in a credit-bearing course. (DD)

The Program on Noncollegiate Sponsored Instruction and the American Council on Education College Credit Recommendation Service are national methods of evaluating programs and granting credit for learning acquired through noncollegiate organizations. (SK)

A survey of 60 further education tutors in the London Borough of Harrow explored the mobility of students between credit and noncredit programs, interest in certification and accreditation, and assessment methods such as records of achievement. Despite changes in funding, local commitment to adult education remains strong. (SK)