Should a stimulus be defined as the single event immediately preceding a response (simple stimulus) or as a constellation of antecedents representing several preceding events (complex stimulus)? Sixty-eight families with a child between four and eight years of age were observed, and family interactions coded in the naturalistic setting of the…

In this study, the data originally used by Hemphill, Griffiths, and Frederiksen in their "Whittman" study of principals' behavior patterns were factor analyzed using psychometric techniques. Results of the analysis substantiated four of the eight originally defined dimensions of administrative behavior, and an additional important factor termed…

Crews of 18 U.S. Navy combat vessels rated their living and working conditions aboard ship, including degree of crowding. In order to better understand the behavioral effects of crowding, three different types of measures, corresponding to different definitions of crowding, were constructed. These separate crowding measures correlated uniquely…

A study analyzed the programing and advertising matter in the after-school hours on independent commercial television stations unaffiliated with the major networks. These stations, primarily UHF, relied almost entirely on syndicated programing that is often reruns of former network programs. These programs draw large after-school audiences. By…

Overcrowded residence halls at Rutgers University form the basis for this research study on the effects of overcrowding. Subjects were the occupants of 31 rooms (7 triple male rooms, 7 triple female rooms, 7 double male rooms, and 10 double female rooms). Two sets of measures were used to determine whether crowding caused arousal and stress. The…

The relationship between the amount of television watching and level of family tension was studied through interviews carried out in 64 Minneapolis households. Tension levels were found to be higher in families with high levels of television watching, particularly in households with a high population density. There appears to be a strong…

This study is one in a series investigating the relationship between motivation training and measures of individual motivation and school behavior of elementary school pupils. One-hundred and twenty-two seventh grade students from an inner-city school district were divided into experimental and control groups by random assignment of classrooms.…

This conference paper attempts to describe some of the ecological conditions under which children's social behavior can be, and perhaps is, organized. Thirteen preschool children between 2-1/2 and 5-1/2 years of age, participated in several experiments with confederates acting as peers and with novel as well as familiar toys. Four behavior…

This study explored the relationship between locus of control, Ss skill/chance perceptions, and verifiability of feedback on Ss decision time in a letter elimination task. Ss were 72 male and 72 female undergraduates, divided into groups of internals and externals based on results from Rotter's I-E scale. In a letter elimination task, several…

America is a sex-negative society. It is intolerant of diversity in sexual tastes and aversions. This paper explores the possible reasons why successful societies have frequently been erotically intolerant, and why sexually positive groups are usually small and insignificant groups in other parts of the world. The author discusses a set of axioms…

This volume, designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, addresses the research needs of behavioral scientists interested in various facets of speech-communication and provides a theoretical point of departure for investigating speech as a behavioral science. Chapters 1-7 provide the background and strategy for the formulation of…

This investigation emerged out of the generally accepted propositions that understanding is a fundamental for building, or maintaining, positive human relationships and that meaningful interaction in any interpersonal relationship is dependent upon the communication of understanding. An instrument was developed containing a list of behaviors that…

The presentation was given at a Pupil Personnel Service seminar to familiarize the conference participants with the techniques used by a behaviorist when he consults with a teacher using a classroom observational schedule. The report is divided into three parts: (1) method employed (subjects and setting apparatus, training children, instruction to…

This paper explores the utility of applying the conceptual framework of Probabilistic Functionalism to specific dimensions of Goffman's theory of self-presentation. Of particular concern is evaluation of the implications of this reconceptualization for empirical investigation of the effects of central concepts of Goffman's theoretical view. The…

This report describes two studies in which 48 male college students and 144 male high school students, respectively, were assigned to high or low spatial density conditions and instructed to construct, as a team, an erector set model within a 40-minute period. High school students were assigned to high, middle, and low attraction groups on the…