Results refute current claims that words are read aloud by retrieving a single pronunciation from memory and that pseudowords are pronounced by using abstract spelling-to-sound rules. Instead, it appears that words and pseudowords are pronounced using similar kinds of orthographic and phonological knowledge. (Author/CP)

The effectiveness of different rates of working with programed materials was examined in children, ages 8 through 11. The group working 40-minute periods had the highest attainment level among all groups. (Best copy available in microfiche). (Author/MH)

A general theory of how children learn conservation concepts is presented. The acquisition process is described at an abstract level in terms of a rule-sampling system, implying a three-state Markov model with identifiable parameters. Three experiments testing the model's quantitative predictions about conservation learning experiments are…

Standardized achievement test scores, behavioral and social adjustment ratings, and school cumulative record data of firstborn children of Black mothers, aged 15 and under, paralleled closely that of peers born to older Black mothers (aged 20 to 24). (Author/CP)

Three replications of a structural equation model for the prediction of behavior are tested, using a questionnaire assessing undergraduate students' attitudes, subjective norms, intentions, and behavior. The proposed models supersede the Fishbein-Ajzen theory in their ability to reflect the dynamics of attitude-behavior relations. (Author/RD)

A series of studies by the Technical Review Panel (TRP) of the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) to improve the quality and utility of the NAEP is introduced, with a description of the NAEP, the creation of the TRP, the education policy issues that influenced the selection of research topics, and the relationship among the…

The use of achievement levels and anchor points in press reports of the 1990 National Assessment of Educational Progress mathematics assessment was studied. In a review of 41 articles, widespread oversimplification and frequent misinterpretations were found, sometimes stemming from standards-based reporting. Implications for future standards-based…

Through meta-analysis, 51 studies are examined in which interventions were aimed to enhance student learning by improving student use of either one or a combination of learning or study skills. Results obtained, through categorizing the interventions in hierarchical levels of structural complexity and as either near or far in terms of transfer,…

Presents a comprehensive picture of the shapers of a published nonnative speaker research article by including the language professionals and indicating how they fit into the pre-publication processing of a text. (Author/VWL)

Discusses a three year research study in Namibia. Suggests that the failure of policy makers to take into account teaching conditions led to teachers' inability to implement English language teaching reforms. Explores objective and subjective classroom reality implementation factors. Provides guidelines from which to draw conclusions. (CAJ)

A content analysis of 10,279 dissertation abstracts in education from 1950 to 1990 shows that the descriptive design, predominantly in surveys, has dominated. Almost one-fourth of the dissertations used no statistics, and almost one-third failed to find statistically significant results. Few changes are apparent over the years. (SLD)

Four guidelines that make tables more effective data displays are presented. The need for these guidelines and their application are illustrated with data from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). A theoretical structure is presented to help develop test items to assess students' proficiency in extracting information from…

Attempts to isolate some of the aspects in which the evaluative language most typical of research articles produced within the discipline of art history differs from the evaluation prevalent in academic discourse in other fields. (Author/VWL)

Reviews research related to the problem of using research findings to improve science classroom practice. Discusses two aspects of the problem: familiarizing teachers with relevant research and identifying aspects of teaching that need to be improved. Provides several research findings. (Author/YP)

Describes a new theory of multiple intelligences (MI) that identifies seven relatively independent forms of information processing that individuals exhibit in differing patterns. Describes the following MI-related educational research projects: (1) Arts PROPEL; (2) the Key School project; and (3) Project Spectrum. (FMW)