The cause of this investigation was to identify the main reasons which decline the educational standards at secondary level in Karachi, Pakistan. It was carried out through survey. The population of the study was the both Government and Private schools students and teachers. The views of male and female students and teachers were sought out. One…

In England, the "Every Child Matters" (ECM) initiative has driven important changes in educational services in order to support five key outcomes for children and young people identified by the ECM initiative, namely to "be healthy", to "stay safe", to "enjoy and achieve", to "make a positive…

Children living in poverty face many obstacles outside the classroom that can hinder their success in the classroom. Unaddressed health care needs interfere with learning and cause low attendance. Inadequate and inconsistent housing may deprive students of a safe and quiet place to study. The advent of accountability-based school reform has pushed…

One way to help preservice teachers to articulate and advocate their teaching stance is by developing their knowledge, skills, and confidence in their ability to carefully, didactically, and strategically plan for instruction. The Integrative Research Project (IRP) is a planning process that enables the preservice teacher to incorporate not only…

The history of the University of Leiden was outlined with the emphasis on its spirit of academic freedom and responsibility to its community. (RK)

Author criticized Merle Borrowman's paper (AA 521 907) as two separate papers, the one identifying comparative education as a "swamp" field, the other positively describing the field in terms of "the distribution of cross cultural studies (inclining) one to perceive the world differently and indeed more fruitfully." (Author/RK)

A discussion of the changing goals of higher education, including academic excellence, personal identity, and social utility and their implications for evaluating learning. (Editor)

This directory briefly describes professional practices commissions and teaching standards boards which exist in various states and indicates where additional legislation is being considered or is pending. The data were obtained from executive secretaries of the National Education Association state affiliates and from state departments of…

This article on accreditation includes a definition, historical background, and discussion of the various forms of accreditation with their resultant problems. Differences are brought out between regional or general, specialized, state, and federal accreditation. An important question is raised about how specialized and general accreditation can…

In the present paper, the author restricts himself to three major questions regarding accrediting of colleges and universities: (1) Ought there to be some form of accreditation, voluntary or otherwise? (2) If there is to be some form of accreditation, what is the future of voluntary associations in this effort? and (3) If there is to be some form…

The authors offer rebuttal to critics of their earlier article critical of Nova University. (IRT)

The "Ingrowns" are traditional doctoral programs, the "Newcomers" are nontraditional doctoral programs. (IRT)

According to a 1986 Educational Research Service Educator Opinion Poll that surveyed 1 in every 700 teachers across the United States, over 90 percent of respondents believed there should be minimum grade standards for student participation in interscholastic athletics. Only 47 percent felt too much emphasis was placed on sports in the high…

Valedictorians are not always the most accomplished students because some academically gifted youth take easy courses to maintain their grade point averages, although others risk their grades by taking more challenging classes. To address this problem, Bear Creek High School (Jefferson County, Colorado) created higher academic standards and…