The current context of standards-based reform has positioned regional service centers (RSCs), intermediary governmental agencies that support state policy implementation in local districts, as a critical source of professional development (PD). In this article, we ask how a governing body that districts often interact with during challenging…

This article describes the process and strategies used in Arkansas to make the "AASL National Framework for Learners" the basis for the state's learning standards for school libraries. In addition, it provides details on the plan for helping school librarians fully implement the newly revised state standards into their curriculum.

In 2011, National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) launched its first online self-assessment tool to help school psychologists evaluate their own practices across the 10 domains outlined in the "Model for Comprehensive and Integrated School Psychological Services," also referred to as the NASP Practice Model. Since NASP…

This paper examines several correspondence schools that developed courses in advertising for young men and women who were interested in learning about the subject but who were not necessarily interested in attending a college or university. In addition, the paper discusses the founding of the National Home Study Council, which developed standards…

It is difficult to imagine a focus for research with greater social justification than research about successful educational leadership. Therefore, the purpose of this study is twofold. First, this study explores the "elements" of the Professional Standards of Educational Leaders (PSEL) from the perspective of New Jersey school…

The purpose of this paper is to share the process of how one university instructor worked toward a shift to standards-based grading (SBG) in a graduate Educational Leadership program. Educational leadership programs use standards to guide coursework and instruction in an accountability era, but grading practices remain as subjective as they were…

The Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) have described discipline-specific literacy skills needed to successfully engage with science concepts, and science assessments ask students to use language in many and varied forms to mediate their science thought and actions and prove mastery of content. Yet…

This study aims at contributing to the discussion on the role of the early printers in the regularisation and standardisation of the English spelling. It assesses the degree of early printers' (in)consistency concerning morphological spelling, in particular the spelling of third person singular present tense (indicative) inflectional endings of…

The present paper looks in detail at the process of codification, i.e. how a single variety is altered in such a way as to become the publicly accepted, stigma-free variety of a country or major region. There is both implicit and explicit codification. For Haugen it would seem that he was referring to the latter process in which there is formal…

Haugen's model (in "Sociolinguistics," Penguin, Harmondsworth, pp 97-111, 1972 [1966]) of standardisation has been widely adopted in general histories of particular languages, not least because of its clarity and simplicity. In this article, I focus on its treatment of codification, with a view to suggesting refinements to this part of…

Although 20 states have adopted Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), 24 other states have developed their own K-12 science standards based on the same National Research Council (NRC) Framework. Understanding what influences content standards developers, realizing the supports and impediments to implementation they foresee, and knowing their…

The actuality of this research is determined by the acceptance of standards where a new sense of a concept "educational results" is given. Thus, a necessity to evaluate subject, cross-curriculum and personal results of students appears. The ways to evaluate the level of organization of the universal educational actions are reflected in…

Using state-representative surveys, we investigated how familiar Texas, Ohio, Kentucky, and Massachusetts principals are with their state's K-12 standards, as well as the strength of their policy environments, using a policy attribute theory. We found relatively high levels of buy-in toward the idea of standards but only a general familiarity with…

This research study examined current reflective practices used by kindergarten through 12th grade teachers in a single school district in North Carolina. The study sought to identify themes regarding the impact reflection has on teacher effectiveness, with effectiveness being measured by the five teaching standards of the North Carolina Department…

Purpose: Reusable takeaway food containers (RTFCs) are a newly emerging green packaging choice for the takeaway industry that can effectively reduce campus solid waste but are not yet well accepted. Therefore, this study aims to identify the key factors influencing university students' intention to choose RTFCs, seeking to enhance RTFC project…