The purpose of this study was to develop and content validate a Performance Rating Scale and Interview Protocol, enabling study of the social role performance of adult daughters and sons as they fulfill the societal norms and expectations of adult children. This exploratory investigation was one of 13 contemporary adult social roles completed by…

Research suggests that development of the alphabetic principle is a critical factor in learning to recognize words and becoming a successful reader. The alphabetic principle encompasses both the understanding that relationships exist between letters and sounds and the application of these relationships to reading words. This study investigated the…

Background: In 2008 primary education in England reached, historically, another important phase in its development. Government reviewed the primary curriculum and some aspects of the national system of assessment. These government reviews coincided with an independent "Primary Review" based at the University of Cambridge to which the…

On a general level, the objective of diagnostic classifications models (DCMs) lies in a classification of individuals regarding multiple latent skills. In this article, the authors show that this objective can be achieved by multidimensional adaptive testing (MAT) as well. The authors discuss whether or not the restricted applicability of DCMs can…

More than six years after the election of our current president, the nation is analyzing the effects of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) federal legislation. Educators are discovering that the plan is flawed, developmentally inappropriate, ill funded, and leaving more students, teachers, and schools behind than ever before. In this article, the…

The question of what it means to follow the "Standards" is discussed. It is argued that the "Standards" consists of statements of general principles, and that interpretation for specific applications requires professional judgment. As a result, disagreements among professionals on the applicability of particular standards to specific situations…

The International Test Commission formed a 13-person committee of psychologists representing a number of international organizations to prepare a set of guidelines for adapting educational and psychological tests. The committee has worked for 3 years to produce near final drafts of 22 guidelines organized into 4 categories: (1) context; (2)…

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic techniques are compared, and how to conduct a confirmatory factor analysis is reviewed. A sampling of "fit" statistics and suggestions for methods to improve models for testing are also presented. Exploratory factor analysis is used to explore data to determine the number of the nature of…

A study examined the results of an administration of a series of theoretically based prototype tests to 857 high school students in California, New York, and Wisconsin. By revising the existing framework of a prior study, tests were devised which attempted to measure three interrelated aspects of school literature: background knowledge, the…

Discusses the conflicts between the way teachers try to teach children and the way they measure what children have learned. Reprint from January 1960 "Elementary School Journal." (JMB)

Court cases are presented that illustrate some of the issues that courts have dealt with in the area of educational testing. While this study was developed primarily for parents, the booklet should also help school administrators and testing professionals learn about court cases and precedents relevant to some major issues in educational testing.…

The present research attempted to determine if tests can serve as teaching devices by comparing student achievement in classes where several examinations were administered. Students in ten classes of introductory psychology served as subjects in the study. Three classes received weekly, teacher-made quizzes of 15 multiple-choice items; four…

The purpose of this manual is to provide measurement specialists and educational evaluators with procedures for identifying the key testing issues of importance to citizen groups and aid them in adapting materials for use in workshops with these groups. The manual is divided into five sections to assist the trainer in developing all aspects of a…

Teachers need more help from school counselors, school psychologists, and testing programs. Summary profiles are an excellent way to quickly and pithily communicate information. The profile included is applicable to Wechsler Scales: WISC, WBI, WBII, and WAIS. In part, the profile is also applicable to the WPPSI. (Author)

The theory and practice of education have been profoundly influenced since 1900 by the educational research and the educational testing movements. These movements deserve greatly increased historical research. Many current innovations in education have been tried in the past and found wanting. Study of the pioneer educational researches reveals…