Faculty of the New York University School of Education, Health, Nursing, and Arts Professions describe curricular changes since World War II in subjects that have traditionally been included in high school studies: English, math, social studies, science, the arts, and foreign languages. (Editor)

Outlines several kinds of changes occurring in the history and philosophy of geography instruction in England. These are changes in the nature of the subject, changes in teaching methods, changes in school education, changes in undergraduate education; and student reactions to the subject. (MJP)

A study of Dutch universities from 1974-93 examined factors in the emergence of new academic programs and specializations, particularly the effects of government funding mechanisms (external factor) and level of paradigmatic development (internal factor), drawing on social exchange and resource dependency theory. Results indicate these two factors…

Until recently the service-learning movement has had an ideological bias, prioritizing moral/civic questions related to the service experience. Now it needs to invest more intellectual energy in specifically academic concerns. Only by paying attention to the needs of individual disciplines and allying itself with other academic interest groups…

Studied elementary through high school teachers' views on how to improve teacher preparation programs. Found that recommendations were consistent with those proposed by current reform initiatives: (1) requiring all teachers to know subject content; (2) teaching pedagogy in the context of academic content; and (3) offering prospective teachers many…

Examines the various ways that social sciences can promote the social and governmental transformative process in Eastern Europe. Defines three functions of social sciences: to reveal real processes, to understand and diagnose problems, and to foresee future trends. Discusses the tensions among social scientists and policy makers and politicians.…

Offers suggestions for an orientation program for middle school library media centers. Highlights include focusing on a different curriculum area each year; teamwork among library staff; creating hands-on activity stations around the library; teamwork among students; and ideas for the activity stations, including video, arts and crafts, games, and…

Traces major directions of feminist inquiry in the disciplines of art history, art criticism, and aesthetics. Explores how first- and second-generation feminist scholars have challenged the canon of each discipline and the understanding of art traditionally produced. Draws implications for art education in curriculum development and teacher…

A discussion of the values of single-sex vs. public schooling reviews relevant literature and reports on a study of subject choice among students in three public and two Catholic schools for girls in New South Wales (Australia). Extra-scholastic influences on outcomes, teacher and administrator influences, and strategies for change are discussed.…

Describes different theories of art and how they disagree on the question of the way that artworks relate to the circumstance of their origins and use. Discusses how these circumstances influence the way one thinks about artworks. Considers where E. D. Hirsch's ideas on cultural literacy fit into this aesthetic controversy. (KM)

A table showing the results of the Survey of Earned Doctorates is presented. Degrees conferred, age, sex, citizenship, planned postdoctoral study, planned postdoctoral employment, and primary postdoctoral activity are included. Doctoral degrees included arts and humanities, business and management, computer science, education, engineering, life…

This annotated bibliography presents 399 selected items from worldwide literature on inservice teacher training. Entries are arranged in eight thematic groups and listed in alphabetical order by author. Indexes by author and by country are included. An overview of inservice teacher education and an introduction to the bibliography are provided in…

Examines plausible personal and school-related patterns believed to contribute to changes in teachers' career patterns over a relatively long time. Results with samples of 455 current and 331 former teachers demonstrate several predictors of teacher persistence. Career patterns varied depending on subjects taught, teacher background, and other…

A study of the role of subject matter in shaping high school teachers' beliefs, curricular concerns, and instructional practices complements studies of the disciplines in higher education. Factors discussed include the "hard/soft" distinction between disciplines, curriculum sequencing, range of classroom techniques, breadth of course content, and…

College students bring a variety of perceptions to the classroom about what it takes to succeed in a discipline. Attributional retraining, a therapeutic technique for modifying maladaptive perceptions into more adaptive ones, can enhance student motivation and academic achievement. The technique is most effective with students who are at high risk…