Hypothesized that construct of ethnic perspective-taking ability (EPTA) would: (1) be related to ethnic identity, social perspective-taking ability (SPTA), and ethnic socialization; and (2) provide a distinction relative to SPTA. Subjects were Mexican-American high-schoolers. Found EPTA useful because it was significantly associated with SPTA but…

Explored the use of metaphor as a strategy for enhancing teachers' capacity to work with students as they express and learn to manage anger. Found that participants reported that the process was highly effective for themselves and their students. Metaphors enabled detachment, consideration of alternatives, a means of reflection, and a…

Examines how undergraduate readers monitor and evaluate the concerns of characters over the course of a narrative. Discusses what kinds of evaluation the reader makes, what the reader evaluates, the functions that these evaluative inferences serve in comprehension, and the multiple perspectives (character, narrator, or presenter) taken by the…

Presents a case study on environmental education in two primary schools. Discusses the reasons for the adoption of environmental education, the importance of principle support and die-hard supporters, and teacher responses. (CCM)

Identifies differences between Canada Native religions and Christianity in order to explore the true definition of spirituality. Believes that nature should be considered the equal of humans and deems the natural world as sacred. Concludes that students in social studies classrooms should learn about Native perspectives to help them understand…

Psychological type as a theory of four major personality characteristics is applied to empathy and choice of strategy. Discusses how versatile counselors should be and of how, specifically, type can be used in counseling. The problem of losing weight is used to illustrate how strategies may be matched with clients of different types or…

Discusses intergenerational negotiations about family problems in terms of multiparty problem formulations that raise basic questions about who is entitled to diagnose adolescents'"problems." Shows how adolescents' problems are formulated as "blame" allocations. Demonstrates (in three case studies) how the therapist acts as an…

Evaluated emotional expressiveness, empathy, and prosocial behavior in 9-, and 13-year-olds. As expected, emotional expressiveness, emotional insight, and role taking were strong predictors of latent empathy. Boys' empathy was a strong predictor of prosocial behavior, whereas girls' empathy was related to prosocial behaviors with friends but not…

Discusses "separate knowing" (critical thinking) and "connected knowing" (empathic, appreciative thinking). Finds gender differences for the two; one style is independent of the other, and thus the two can coexist; and that they reflect not learning capacities or intellectual power but rather learning attitudes or styles.…

Considers five ways to overcome barriers teachers face when they attempt to create thinking classrooms: (1) acquisition of conscious commitment; (2) legitimization of students' experiences; (3) integration of visualizing into the curriculum; (4) use of reflective analysis; and (5) diversification of perspectives. (SR)

Presents a framework to help nonprofessional and professional readers identify and think about educational and school reform and considers the developing role of teachers. Discusses technological, psychological, ideological, sociological (descriptive, prescriptive, communitarian) perspectives. (PEN)

Proposes the concept of "possible selves," which represents the multifaceted aspects of an individual's self-concept, as a means by which employment and career counselors can extend greater empathy to their clients. Possible selves are suggested as a means to encourage greater perspective-taking by both the client and counselor, which…

In order to reach the main aims of modern education, powerful learning environments are designed. The characteristics of the design of PLEs are expected to have positive effects on student learning. Additionally, teachers' conceptions of learning and teaching do influence the implementation of a PLE. Moreover, students' perceptions of a learning…

Young children reliably distinguish reality from fantasy; they know that their friends are real and that Batman is not. But it is an open question whether they appreciate, as adults do, that there are multiple fantasy worlds. We test this by asking children and adults about fictional characters' beliefs about other characters who exist either…

Three experiments investigated the role of egocentric orientation in subsequent memory for layouts learned via route (ground-level) and survey (aerial or overview) perspectives. Participants learned virtual environments from text descriptions (Experiment 1) or visual presentation (Experiments 1-3). In all experiments, scene recognition for route…