In a study to test whether imagery accounts for the effects of empathy on attributions, it was determined that the imagery explanation of empathy effects was untenable and that the recall of perspective-relevant details was unlikely to mediate attributions of causality in imaginary scenarios. (Author/MH)

Childrens' understanding of motives for behavior was investigated by showing interpersonal situations on silent films to 6- to 14-year-old children from middle- and working-class backgrounds. (CM)

In a study of the development of role playing, 67 seventh graders were given Feffer's Role Taking Task. Measures of the child's perception of parent behavior, IQ, Marburg Education Scales and educational attainment were collected. (MS)

Two scales were used to measure the cognitive (Hogan's Empathy Scale) and emotional (Questionnaire Measure of Emotional Empathy) components of empathy. Results indicated that incarcerated child molesters (N=29) were, relative to nonoffenders, deficient in both the cognitive and emotional components of generalized empathy. Theoretical and treatment…

Discusses a dozen ways educators can have students of any age reflect on culture and the intermingling of cultures. Suggests that students can contemplate the value of diversity, define culture, take another's perspective, analyze social behavior, speculate the meaning of observed actions and interactions, interpret language, analyze and compare…

Staff development planners, trainers, and evaluators can increase the impact of the staff development activities when they view their work from multiple perspectives using the Centric Reflection Model. The model offers a visual representation of various types of reflection that can occur in training design, delivery, and evaluation. (SM)

This study examined the performance of 16 children (ages 4 through 12) with visual impairments on tasks designed to assess their understanding of false belief, a central aspect of social understanding. The development of understanding of another's false belief was found to be delayed in children with severe visual impairments. (Author/SW)

This study examined how 21 blind children (ages 3-8) performed perspective-taking tasks compared to 60 sighted children with and without blindfolds, under different conditions of distance and barriers. Results showed that, with increasing age, young blind children did not exhibit a significant increase in accurate perspective taking. (JDD)

Examines processes of moral change in light of emerging concepts from narrative psychology. Argues that role taking can be better understood when narrative concepts are employed. Concludes that, where cognitive developmental and narrative approaches to psychological development differ, the narrative account can illumine and challenge categories…

This study examined the presuppositional skills of 5 verbal autistic children (ages 7-12). Results revealed that subjects demonstrated some social-cognitive knowledge of others as reflected in quantitative and qualitative modifications in language relative to naive and knowledgeable listener contexts. (Author/JDD)

In three experiments, children of three through six years of age were generally better able to reproduce a perceiver's perspective if a visual cue in the perceiver's line of sight was salient. Children had greater difficulty when the task hinged on attending to configural cues. Availability of distinctive cues affixed to objects facilitated…

Discusses internal conflict between professional and personal values that counselors can experience when working with clients whose culture and values are different from their own. Presents case study that illustrates situation. Suggests that, as counselors become more proficient in multicultural counseling and more able to promote decision making…

Presents two scenarios representing two very different critical perspectives: a text-focused and a reader-focused approach. Argues that using literary theory to look at a literary text anew results in a richer engagement with that text and helps students to want to engage with the work. (SC)

Contends that the process of photography can contribute to a better understanding of thinking. Finds that, because the camera's lens often reveals nuances and detail commonly overlooked, it can promote critical thinking, particularly constructing, identifying, and assessing the dimensions of an issue; appreciating point-of-view; and weighing…

Discusses the profound changes taking place in the field of psychology and suggests that multicultural perspectives and controversies are mediating these changes. Also suggests that a culture-centered perspective for the future will emerge as a "fourth force" to complement and strengthen the three conventional theories of psychodynamism,…