Results of a survey on support personnel for research and development laboratories cover sex and age; tasks, skills, and abilities; minimum educational requirements for their positions; sources of training; and the feasibility of specialized college curricula. Four tables. Seven references. (LY)

This article reports on the activities of some specialized programs for instructional technology at the higher education level" in New York, Pennsylvania, Oregon and Florida. (AA)

Compares successful educational research and development organizations with unsuccessful ones, and delineates evidence of the relative technical and interpersonal competence of organization members. (Author)

Reports on research that shows that people with nerve or limb injuries may one day be able to command wheelchairs, prosthetics, and even paralyzed arms and legs by "thinking them through" the motions. (Author/MM)

Attempts to demystify the process of conducting cost-effectiveness research by defining relevant terms and describing the necessary steps. Two previous cost-effectiveness studies of family-based treatment are briefly described to illustrate cost-analysis procedures that may be used in future family therapy research. (Author)

Presents first part of two-part series reviewing the published literature on smokeless tobacco in the United States and concomitant health effects associated with its use. Delineates the current status of its prevalence, behavioral psychosocial factors associated with use, and review of the negative health effects associated with regular use.…

An analysis of research priorities as identified in 122 statements generated by respondents from 31 organizations that provide or sponsor research is provided. Six categories of research needs are identified: (1) program improvement; (2) policy studies; (3) effectiveness; (4) basic skills; (5) collaborative relationships; and (6) personnel…

Surveyed farmers (115 of 150) were very positive about the profitability and compatibility of sustainable agriculture, although certain practices elicited negative reactions. They wanted research and development directed toward maximizing profitability and compatibility to facilitate their adoption of these practices. (SK)

This table lists the top 100 United States academic institutions by dollar amounts and rank in spending on research and development during fiscal 1990. Research and development amounts are given in U.S. funds and total funds. (DB)

Provides selected review of two lines of recent research on career exploration (identifying antecedents of exploratory activity and application of information processes biases to career exploration), with specific focus on applications for counseling practice. Describes relevant counseling interventions and concludes with summary of six goals to…

Reviews research on inductive reasoning errors, including seeing patterns or relationships where none exist, neglecting statistical regression, overgeneralizing unrepresentative data, and drawing conclusions based on incomplete decision matrices. Considers "false consensus effect," through which associations with like-minded people lead one to…

Treatment outcome research generally relies on main effects analysis of variance to determine whether treatments are differentially effective. There is reason to consider disaggregating main effects even when conditions of heterogeneity of variance are not violated. Potential statistical significance of disaggregation can be shown to be function…

Asserts that counseling psychologists' aversion to theory-driven science and their enthusiasm for naive empiricism impede scientific progress. Identifies "received view" of science as theory-driven science, points out symptoms and consequences of the failure to apply this view, and argues that greater scientific progress will result from moving…

Claims multimodal therapy has proven successful with problems that are generally considered "difficult" and when the prognosis is often guarded. Reviews research on multimodal therapy; concludes additional research is underway. (ABL)

Discusses heuristic approach to scientific social work research as philosophy of research that draws from contemporary philosophy of science and cultural, cognitive, and linguistic studies and that endorses research as tool for advocacy. Presents fundamental concepts of heuristic model, emphasizing how new conceptual foundations can facilitate…