Data from 1984 (n=489) and 1988 (n=658) surveys show that female executives in state government have progressed in top positions in certain types of agencies, but much progress has occurred by avoiding, not breaking, the glass ceiling. Most notable male-female differences are in party affiliation, age, interagency mobility, career progress, and…

Higher education officials are protesting a federal Office of Management and Budget proposal to limit the rate at which universities can charge the government for overhead expenses on research and development. The change would affect 56 of the top 100 institutions receiving federal grants, whose rates go to 41 percent. (MSE)

Describes the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP). Makes recommendations to modify CACREP's standards and system of governance with the intention of increasing CACREP's influence and making it accountable to the constituents it serves. (Author/ABL)

A study of 1,243 executive directors of public authorities shows that many are career people with diverse educational backgrounds and skills similar to public administration professionals. Results suggest that the strong sense of professional identity among city managers may be a model for public authority managers to consider. (Author)

Presents a checklist of more than 150 standards that have been identified by the Society of American Archivists (SAA) Task Force on Archival Standards as applicable to the preservation of archives and manuscripts. The organizations that developed the standards are described, and increased archival participation in the standards development process…

Offers a historical overview of the development of higher education admissions standards, efforts to establish standards for high school curricula, and the establishment and work of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. Originally, the Association was a philosophical society, becoming an accrediting agency in the early 1900s. (DMM)

Provides critical assessment of this special journal issue devoted to credentialing in rehabilitation counseling and credentialing movement in general. Contends that primary purpose of professional credentialing in counseling is not to protect the weak but rather to increase the power, authority, and incomes of the strong. Advises caution in…

Discusses the issues involving the work of development and environmental education agencies. Presents definitions for the terms development and environmental education; the process of developmental education; the concept of developed communities; and proposes the need for future debate to clarify the issues. (MDH)

Because public organizations have multiple stakeholders, any change decisions must consider impact on each group. Because most organizations respond to rather than initiate change, proactive methods are not enough. Situational ethics come into play. (SK)

Discusses advances in information technology that are being embraced by federal agencies and considers the implications for records management. Highlights include federal Web sites; the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); and the impact of changing technology. (Author/LRW)

Responses from 480 of 620 nursing education programs indicated the following: 24% continued with the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission; 30% switched to the new Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education; 24% plan to be accredited by both; and the new agency's alliance model was attractive to 38%. (SK)

Investigates the attitudes of volunteer counselors toward clients with alcohol problems and the counselors' commitment to their agencies. Results indicate the importance of role recognition by agencies in enhancing counselor attitudes toward their work; levels of experience also appears to be significant. (Author/MKA)

The effectiveness of the collaborative Nursing 2000 model in promoting nursing careers was evaluated through a survey of 1,598 nursing students (637 responses). Most effective techniques were the "shadow a nurse" program, publications, classroom and community presentations, and career-counseling telephone calls. (SK)

The Workers Educational Association collaborated with a support program for homeless people in England to provide adult-education opportunities. Focus is on small groups and community learning, designed to overcome barriers these adults face. (SK)

Surveys the history of the International Council for Adult Education from 1984 to the tensions of the present situation. Raises questions about the organization's role and vision in the 21st century, especially regarding adult education as human rights education. (SK)