ERIC Number: EJ1491022
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025-Nov
Pages: 9
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0021-9584
EISSN: EISSN-1938-1328
Available Date: 0000-00-00
Synthesis of Benzoylferrocene by Friedel-Crafts Acylation: Reinforcing Recrystallization and Spectroscopic Techniques in the Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory
Raúl R. Rodríguez-Berríos1; Ricardo L. Pérez-Martínez1; Cristtian Rivera-Torres2; Jeremy A. Rodríguez Vargas1
Journal of Chemical Education, v102 n11 p4905-4913 2025
Ferrocene is an organometallic compound widely incorporated into undergraduate organic and inorganic chemistry curricula. Traditional laboratory experiments typically involve the Friedel-Crafts acylation of ferrocene to produce acetylferrocene or diacetylferrocene, with a purification method focused on column chromatography. To expand the educational scope of ferrocene-based experiments, our organic chemistry education research group designed and implemented a novel laboratory experiment centered on the synthesis of benzoylferrocene using chloroform as an alternative solvent to dichloromethane. The most significant improvement was the emphasis on recrystallization using heptane as the greener purification method and reinforcement of the use of spectroscopic techniques. This experiment was specifically tailored for nonmajor undergraduate students enrolled in organic chemistry laboratory courses at UPR-RP. Product characterization was carried out through melting point analysis, IR spectroscopy, and [superscript 1]H NMR spectroscopy. To evaluate the effectiveness of the experiment, a combination of pre- and post-tests, a laboratory report, and a perception questionnaire were administered to assess students' conceptual understanding, learning outcomes, and perceptions of the new experiment. Results demonstrated that the experiment significantly improved students' comprehension of reaction theory and laboratory techniques while also providing an engaging and meaningful learning experience.
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, College Science, Organic Chemistry, Science Laboratories, Spectroscopy, Scientific Concepts, Laboratory Experiments, Nonmajors, Laboratory Training, Laboratory Procedures
Division of Chemical Education, Inc. and ACS Publications Division of the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. Tel: 800-227-5558; Tel: 202-872-4600; e-mail: eic@jce.acs.org; Web site: http://pubs.acs.org/jchemeduc
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research; Tests/Questionnaires
Education Level: Higher Education; Postsecondary Education
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: 1Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States; 2Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, United States

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