The use of Carba-linguaduc equipment (an electronic device that facilitates communication in the nonverbal) in the teaching of basic reading skills was compared to gestural yes/no responses in a study with four severely cerebral palsied/moderately retarded young adults (ages 20 to 30). Results indicated that significant language learning was…

The ability of young children to communicate at the time they produce their first words was studied, with particular reference to the question of whether children are able to modify their requests depending on the adult's response. The subjects were four children ranging in age from 15 to 18 months; the data were their requests of adults coded…

INCLUDED IN THIS REPORT ARE BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF 36 CURRENT, PROJECTED, OR RECENTLY COMPLETED SOCIAL DIALECT STUDIES IN ENGLISH. THE THIRD IN A SERIES, REPORT NO. 3 COMPLETELY SUPERSEDES THE PREVIOUS REPORTS (WHICH WERE ENTITLED "CURRENT SOCIAL DIALECT RESEARCH AT AMERICAN HIGHER INSTITUTIONS, NOS. 1 AND 2"). THE PROJECTS OUTLINED IN THIS REPORT…

THE RELATIONSHIP OF ENVIRONMENT AND THE DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS OF THE BEGINNING SCHOOL CHILD WAS EXPLORED. MORE SPECIFICALLY, THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS RESEARCH WERE TO DESCRIBE THE MAJOR DIMENSION THROUGH WHICH ENVIRONMENT IS LIKELY TO INHIBIT DEVELOPMENT AND TO SPECIFY THE AREAS THAT HAVE BEEN MOST INFLUENCED BY UNFAVORABLE ENVIRONMENTAL…

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAM WERE TO PROVIDE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THIRD AND FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS WHO HAVE POTENTIAL IN TERMS OF MENTAL ABILITY AND BEHAVIORAL STABILITY, AND TO CLOSE THE GAP BETWEEN THEIR RETARDED READING AND LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT AND REASONABLE GRADE EXPECTANCY. REMEDIAL READING TEACHERS WERE ASSIGNED TO TWO PROJECT SCHOOLS, EACH…

A STUDY WAS MADE OVER A 4-YEAR PERIOD WITH 478 NONENGLISH SPEAKING CHILDREN, BOYS AND GIRLS, AGES 5-13, OF NAVAJO INDIAN BACKGROUND, IN GANADO PUBLIC SCHOOL, ARIZONA. TOYS FOR THE PROJECT BY THE 72 PARTICIPATING TOY MANUFACTURERS. FINDINGS INDICATE THAT WHILE THE USE OF TOYS CAN NOT BE CONSIDERED A PANACEA FOR ALL TEACHING ILLS, THEIR USE IN…

THREE EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO DETERMINE AND COMPARE THE EFFECTS OF VISUAL AND AURAL LANGUAGE LEARNING. SPANISH VOCABULARY ITEMS WERE LEARNED FIRST IN ONE SENSE MODE AND THEN RELEARNED IN A DIFFERENT SENSE MODE. TRANSFER EFFECTS WERE STUDIED FROM THE VOCABULARY ITEMS LEARNED TO PATTERNED (PICTURE-CUED) SENTENCES AND STORIES. TWO SAMPLES OF…

The report examines longitudinal research on language generalization in natural environments of 32 severely retarded, moderately retarded, and mildly language delayed preschool children. All Ss received language training on one of two programs and Ss' speech samples in a natural environment were collected and analyzed for evidence of…

In its broadest sense, metalinguistic awareness refers to the study of or reflection upon language as an object--the form and structure of language rather than the content, the way in which the form expresses or relates to the message. One value of research on metalinguistic awareness lies in its potential for testing adult notions about the ways…

Neuropsychological theorizing has led to applied learning disability screening beyond the present knowledge of neurodevelopment of the five-year-old child. A study was undertaken to evaluate the stability and prediction of a language/general intelligence discrepancy at an early age (4.5) to a language/learning disability at a later age (7.8).…

Providing information about the interrelationships among learning, teaching, and the act of reading, this book serves as a guide for gaining an understanding of the psychological bases of the reading process. The 11 chapters discuss the following topics: (1) language and intellectual development during the formative years; (2) the aspects of child…

The frequency with which a child's parents use a given linguistic form has been considered influential in language development. This hypothesis has been challenged, however, notably by Ervin (1964) and Brown (1973). The frequency hypothesis makes the assumptions that: (1) children are not selective in what they attend to, (2) they listen to most…

To investigate whether the viewing of printed words influences children's ability to produce plural forms, 120 kindergarten and first grade children were tested individually on 36 items consisting of real words and nonsense syllables that represented three categories: words that required pronouncing the "s" sound as the natural oral plural; words…

Auditory imagination is used in this paper to describe a number of issues and activities related to sound and having to do with listening, thinking, recalling, imagining, reshaping, creating, and uttering sounds and words. Examples of auditory imagination in religious and literary works are cited that indicate a belief in an imagined, expected, or…

A comparison of two models of the reading process--the psycholinguistic model, in which learning to read is seen as a top-down, holistic procedure, and the traditional theory model, in which learning to read is seen as a bottom-up, atomistic procedure--is provided in this paper. The first part of the paper provides brief overviews of the following…