Data indicate that absolute summer achievement decline is not common. Relative decline, where low achievers do not keep pace over the summer with their peers, is common. Finally, attendance at summer school appears to have no strong ameliorative effect on achievement, either short-term or longer-term. (Author/MLF)

Compares two compensatory social/educational programs developed by the Brazilian government in the last 15 years. States that although one was formulated during the military regime and one during the present government, they both combat poverty and encourage privatization. Concludes that this promotes a process that sees education as social…

A Chapter I evaluator reflects on developments in her role within the Title One/Chapter One Program through five phases. The phases were characterized, successively, by broad acceptance, defensiveness, indifference, negativity, and openness to criticism. (TJH)

A recent study of state-funded remedial and compensatory programs in South Carolina concluded that about 40% of the state's principals lacked sufficient understanding of such programs to determine which delivery model was most appropriate and to integrate the programs successfully into their schools' total instructional programs. Obviously,…

Named as Title I director for the Espanola (New Mexico) School District in the mid-1960s, Gilbert Martinez redirected the early grants from equipment purchases to development of kindergartens, centralized elementary school libraries, and free lunch programs. New Mexico's program improvement mandates stress curriculum integration and evaluation…

During the last few years, changes in the Spanish educational system have had a far reaching impact. Several factors have been critical: (1) the progressive decentralization of education by the government, now a responsibility of regional governments; (2) the extension of compulsory education to the age of 16; and finally (3) the increase in the…

This paper examines the long-term effect of enrollment in center- or school-based care programs on the academic performance of language minority students in the USA. The study applies a longitudinal multilevel analysis to a nationally representative database, the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study (ECLS-K). Of particular interest are the…

Distance education which provides important contribution to education systems is applied in many fields successfully. Teacher training is another field in which distance education is used widely. Distance education is used for teacher's graduate education as much as teacher's preservice and inservice training at elementary and secondary education…

Distance education which provides important contribution to education systems is applied many fields successfully. Teacher training is another field in which distance education is used widely. Distance education is used for teacher's graduate education as much as teacher's preservice and inservice training at elementary and secondary education…

The Sioux City Community Schools Office of Indian Education provides American Indian students with tutoring services through funds from Title V, Part C of the Indian Education Act of 1988 and the Johnson-O'Malley programs. The goal is to reduce the high dropout rate among Indian youth. This tutor handbook contains introductory information for the…

What are the four different types of questions of concern in an evaluation study and how can concept questions be recognized and answered? These issues are addressed in this paper, in the framework of a compensatory education program evaluation. The discussion includes (1) the identification of concept questions and how they are different from…

Suggests that evaluations of compensatory education programs must take into account the goals of the programs, amount and concentration of funding, obstacles surmounted in their implementation, length of affective and cognitive results, and avoid the cost/benefit approach to human beings. (Author/AM)

Federal bilingual education legislation is discussed briefly, and a definition of bilingual education is given. The following topics are then discussed: (1) four types of bilingual programs - transitional, monoliterate, partial and full bilingualism; and (2) compensatory, enrichment and group maintenance programs. (KM)

Head Start has been successful because it includes comprehensive services, parent involvement and family support, a commitment to meeting local needs, training and technical assistance support, and a collaborative approach. This ERIC Digest briefly describes each of these components. Discussion concludes by noting that Head Start must take more…

This bibliography and the related synthesis of research were assembled to make Head Start studies more accessible to researchers and to inform policymakers and practitioners about the major findings included in this body of research. The bibliography and the literature review constitute an update of the 1975 publication: "A Review of Head…