Results of cognitive diagnoses were validated using the rule-space model, and the usefulness of cognitive diagnosis for instruction was demonstrated. Through preliminary studies, 33 stages of knowledge were defined as cognitive diagnoses to be applied to results from a test of knowledge about fractions of seventh and eighth graders (initial test…

This book discusses the challenge for today's schools to find the ways in which students with learning disabilities (LD) learn best and to deliver those opportunities for learning. The chapters focus on: (1) the elements of effective learning that belong in every classroom and the characteristics of students with LD; (2) theories of teaching and…

This book provides a comprehensive collection of 66 teaching strategies and ideas to help overcome problems with number, each linked to a specific kind of error described in the related manual. Most of these strategies are classroom-ready and easily implemented. Some are notes for the teacher to read and then plan activities accordingly, and many…

A study investigated how a knowledge or lack of knowledge of basic text structures, such as comparison and contrast and cause and effect, contributes to the reading process in remedial adolescent readers. By observing a group of graduate students and through the close study of a few adolescent case studies, a researcher attempted to determine if…

An evaluation was conducted of the Chance Program at Graceland College in Lamoni, Iowa. The Chance Program is a postsecondary intervention program that addresses pronunciation, spelling, and reading comprehension deficits among learning-disabled students. In a quasi-experiment, test scores of college students (N=93) who participated in the Chance…

Arguing that remedial/developmental students' lack of exposure to the fine arts relegates them to a permanent underclass within the student body, this paper describes the use of poetry, music, and other materials drawn from the fine arts in a remedial writing class. After presenting a rationale for including artistic concerns in the developmental…

At Bunker Hill Community College (BHCC) in Massachusetts, the Learning Center is the heart of the college's instructional program. The Center houses programs for credit at all academic levels, including some classroom work for 40% of the faculty. The Center is a delivery system for individualized, personalized curriculum at both remedial and…

A study investigated teachers' attitudes concerning the first year of the Reading/Writing Immersion (R/WI) project, which assisted early years teachers in the White Horse Plain School Division, Manitoba, Canada, to become more effective in working with students who were at-risk of failing to develop reading and writing performance goals. Eleven of…

A system to provide objective measures of institutional effectiveness was implemented at the Roswell branch of Eastern New Mexico University to determine whether the college was accountable to students, staff, and taxpayers; to improve the curriculum and programs; and to prepare for accreditation review in 1991. A task force spent the summer of…

This brief report cites the grade of "poor" given to the United States educational system on the fourth of the six National Education Goals proposed by the President and the Governors in 1990. The fourth goal states that "By the Year 2000, U.S. students will be first in the world in science and mathematics achievement." The…

Because of their open-door policy, community colleges enroll a significant proportion of the poorly prepared students entering higher education. Many educators feel that colleges operating under open-door policies have a responsibility to identify underprepared students and provide them with the necessary developmental support. Colleges are…

A survey was undertaken to provide a profile of current reading programs in juvenile correctional facilities. Data were gathered to determine whether "illiterates" exist in the juvenile correctional facilities; if oral comprehension is better than reading comprehension; what approaches and strategies are used for teaching word…

This proceedings document focuses on research and program development in developmental education and instruction in mathematics, reading, and writing. Papers are: "Down in the Trenches: Tutors Learning about Learning" (Jace Condravy); "Expanding the Role of Developmental Education in Research Institutions" (Patricia Dwinell and others);…

A study was conducted at Prince George's Community College (PGCC), in Maryland, to evaluate nursing student performance from point of admission to the taking of the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX). A sample of 853 students who enrolled in the nursing program entry course between fall 1986 and spring 1992 were surveyed to determine…

A study was conducted to determine the effect of limiting class size in developmental English on subsequent student performance in a college-level English course. Class size effects were studied for two groups of students enrolled in College English I at the seven two-year branch campuses of Kent State University (i.e., Ashtabula, East Liverpool,…