Explores how new, operational models of cognition processing developed in Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be applied in computer assisted instruction (CAI) systems. CAI systems are surveyed in terms of their goals and formalisms, and a model for the development of a tutorial CAI system for algebra problem solving is introduced. (Author)

Evaluation of mainstream tutorial modules which were designed to help 18 teachers and administrators individualize instruction for mainstreamed handicapped learners pointed out problems and benefits of the system. Teachers were found to require assistance from administrators and specialists in areas of scheduling, materials, preparation time, and…

A multiple baseline design indicated that prompting was effective in establishing tutoring behaviors among the children. By program end, all children were using corrective feedback, re-presenting questions, and employing contingent praise. Positive findings also were shown in academic, behavioral, and consumer satisfaction indices. (Author)

Suggestions are made for more effective tutoring, ranging from specific actions one may take to more general philosophical viewpoints. (MP)

At a girls' secondary school with high numbers of speakers of English as a Second Language, Years 10-11 students tutored those in Years 7-8 who needed help, using the shared reading process. The plan benefitted both tutors and tutees within a school policy emphasizing language development, although it required a high degree of staff commitment and…

Suggestions are offered for teaching parents how to tutor their children. Four steps are identified: (1) selection of tutoring materials; (2) basic tutoring instructions; (3) error correction procedures; and (4) record keeping and success charting. (DB)

Students in effective peer tutoring programs consistently achieve at higher rates than those in other learning situations. Benefits to learners, tutors and teachers are described, and a step-by-step plan for establishing a peer tutoring program is presented. (IAH)

Success of a tutoring program depends on class preparation, tutor selection, tutor preparation, monitoring by the teacher, and continuous assessment of student progress. Describes the structure of a program in which fourth graders successfully tutored first graders. (MKR)

Draws a parallel between the termination of psychological counseling and the end of writing tutorials. Conceives termination as a three-part process: assessment of goal completion; closure of affective and relationship issues; and preparation for postcounseling self-reliance and transfer of learning. Discusses points of convergence and divergence…

The fundamental problem with formal instruction is its basic instructional unit--teacher-and-class. Group instruction has never succeeded because learners are so different. Teaching must be recognized as an essential learning experience for all. The critical elements in mutual instruction (peer tutoring) are adequate training and ongoing tutor…

Managers can coach employees in writing better reports by helping them through the following steps: audience and purpose, idea generation, organization, drafting, and editing for style, structure, and mechanics. (SK)

Examined effect of tutoring on persistence of academically underprepared minority college students. Tracked 679 academically underprepared minority students for 3 semesters. Students (n=282) who were tutored showed significantly higher persistence rates than did students (n=397) who were not tutored. (Author/NB)

Considers the recent history of writing centers and evidence that disrupts rather than confirms ideal conceptions about the function of a writing center. Discusses how "practical" writing centers have settled into a set of ideas about students and writing that needs examining. Examines the "troubling" affinities between recent arguments about the…

Describes an open distributed multi-agent tutoring system (MATS) and discusses issues related to learning in such open environments. Topics include modeling a one student-many teachers approach in a computer-based learning context; distributed artificial intelligence; implementation issues; collaboration; and user interaction. (Author/LRW)

Proposes an interface agent for intelligent tutoring systems that creates a collaborative learning environment between the learner and the tutoring software. Describes implementation of a prototype using the IBM Agent Builder Environment Toolkit to use with an intelligent tutoring system for algebra and considers benefits in a lifelong learning…