The importance of college degree completion for U.S. society and economic competitiveness makes it imperative to improve educational outcomes for Latino students. Institutional leaders, educators, and policymakers who recognize this imperative are challenged to determine what they can do to improve educational outcomes for Latino students.…

Elementary school students often misinterpret the equal sign (=) as an operational rather than a relational symbol. Such misunderstanding is problematic because solving equations with missing numbers may be important for the development of higher order mathematics skills, including solving word problems. Research indicates equal-sign instruction…

This seven-part guide provides a framework for use in planning, developing, and implementing an evaluation for a tutoring program. Part I provides a brief introduction to the value of evaluating a tutoring program. Part II advises readers first to determine the purpose of their evaluation and the kinds of information to be examined, to consider…

Designed to give teachers and supervisors a working knowledge of various approaches to enhancing pupil learning through software application programs, this guide is presented in a hands-on fashion. It supports a dual purpose, i.e., it can serve as an individual tutorial or as a turnkey staff development tool. All program files referred to may be…

The "Ready-Set-ABE" project was initiated to address the special needs of students entering adult basic education (ABE) programs directly from literacy training or others at a low level of ABE performance. The program was designed to provide these students with the tutoring they need to function successfully in mainstream ABE classes by…

The paper describes a special education tutoring approach to maladjusted pupils in the Israeli Kibbutz. Following an overview of the Kibbutz way of life and the characteristics of maladjusted children, the paper examines ways in which the environment can be reorganized to minimize conflicts and help pupils grow up in a more cordial atmostphere.…

SPIRIT is an Intelligent Tutoring System for tutoring probability theory which has evolved through a continuous process of experimentation and tuning. The system manages a unique flexible tutoring style. On one hand, the system may behave as a tutor who mostly observes the student without interference, intervening only when things are really going…

This report describes the current version of the Why System, a script-based Socratic tutor which uses tutoring strategies formulated as production rules. The current system is capable of carrying on a dialogue about the factors influencing rainfall by presenting different cases to the student, asking for predictions, probing for relevant factors,…

This paper is a preliminary proposal to develop the theory and design for "coaches" for computer games, to implement prototypes, and to experiment with their ability to convey important intellectual skills. The focus of this project will be restricted to developing a coach for a single example of an intellectual game called Wumpus. It is…

THE PLAN FOR THE SYMPOSIUM WAS DEVELOPED AFTER DISCUSSIONS TO DETERMINE AREAS OF INFORMATION THAT WOULD AID ALL TUTORS, TO DETERMINE WHETHER LARGE SCALE TRAINING WAS FEASIBLE OR ADVISABLE, AND TO DETERMINE HOW THE SYMPOSIUM COULD SERVE AS A PILOT FOR FUTURE TRAINING AND ORIENTATION BY THE OFFICE OF TUTORING SERVICES. THE SYMPOSIUM WAS DEVOTED TO…

The college writing center can be most helpful in preparing prospective English teachers for the classroom. Students could be required to spend some time each week tutoring in the writing center. Although the methods course focuses on the theory of teaching writing, the work in the center can put that theory into practice. Before actually…

This paper describes a hypothetical computer program capable of emulating the behavior of a human tutor. Such a program must, ideally, display a number of characteristics. It must be mixed-initiative, meaning that either student or tutor may initiate an interaction. It must be capable of understanding natural language input and generating natural…

This preliminary survey was designed to explore the possible use of students as teaching resources in the developing countries. In carrying out the survey, available literature was reviewed, visits made to selected ongoing projects in the United States, and interviews conducted overseas with indigenous educational researchers in Ghana, Sierra…