Six severely mentally retarded students (ages 9-16) were paired with six nonhandicapped fourth- and fifth-graders (Group 1) who received training to act as tutors during outdoor recess. Six of their nonhandicapped friends (Group 2) received no training. Group 3 consisted of all other fourth- and fifth-graders who were also present during the…

The Stratford School (Highland Park, Illinois), a public day school program serving primarily a population of 3-to-21-year-old trainable mentally handicapped students, established a program whereby students with autistic characteristics (who were previously placed in self-contained, homogeneous classes) would be integrated with non-autistic…

A study examined the relative merits of individual and cooperative methods of vocabulary instruction in the seventh grade. It was hypothesized that socialization would act as a motivating force among these adolescents, and that those involved in paired instruction would show increased vocabulary retention. Students in both control (individual) and…

This publication presents guidelines for planning, implementing, and evaluating a peer tutoring program within a vocational setting. Chapter 1 discusses benefits of peer tutoring and presents a compilation of guidelines, suggestions, and examples for planning, developing, and evaluating a peer tutoring program. Tasks in each area--program…

Part of the School Improvement Research Series, this report describes two peer tutoring programs, one at the secondary and one at the primary level. The schools where the programs are conducted are both in the Lake Washington School District, across Lake Washington from Seattle. The report first cites Lake Washington High School (Kirkland), where…

Since the publication of "A Nation at Risk," curriculum leaders have been under increased pressure to make more prudent, informed decisions about allocating district resources that will directly or indirectly lead to increased student achievement. The decision-making process should include a thorough investigation of the best and most…

To create an introductory literature course which helps students develop positive feelings about reading and confidence in their abilities to create viable meanings out of a text, an alternative to the standard lecture format or "Socratic" class discussion is needed. Formed from a variety of research, theory, and classroom experience,…

Four experimental studies were conducted to assess the differences in effectiveness of self-confrontation via TV when used exclusively and in combination with group discussion, discrimination training (training in the use of interaction analysis), and practice in a scaled-down situation (peerteaching) on "the indirectness" of future secondary…

This book records activities of a New York City Writing Project seminar and the writing of some of the 35 students in it. The account reflects how the students wrestled with different points of view, learning how to respond in writing groups and discovering themselves as writers in their process journals. Among the appendixes is a guide for…

This literature review focuses on research concerning the effect of peer tutoring on student achievement and self-concept in the modern classroom. Studies of peer tutoring and student achievement deal with the effects of tutoring on the instructional process, student attitudes and interests, student motivation, and pupils' self-direction. More…

The paper describes practical strategies to support the integration of children with disabilities into regular classes. Modifications in the classroom that facilitate integration include individualized instructional methods, use of the Adaptive Learning Environments Model, cooperative learning strategies, heterogeneous grouping within the…

At Borough of Manhattan Community College in New York City about a dozen teachers teach English composition in a special room (N779): 25 computers along the 4 walls frame the large arena in the center which holds several work tables, each one surrounded by 6 chairs. The room is an eco-system designed for learning about text production. The most…

This study focused on the interactive decision making of inexperienced preservice physical education teachers and the value of peer teaching for developing appropriate thought processes. Videotapes were made of seven undergraduate physical education majors teaching their peers and data stemming from observation of the tapes were analyzed for…

The literature concerning tutoring in the elementary schools was surveyed and evaluated to determine the relative effectiveness of two types of programs--peer and cross-age tutoring. Studies involving each type of program were analyzed separately and effectiveness was judged by the gains in reading achievement experienced by both tutors and…

This final report contains some narrative material and the products of a project to design and conduct inservice training for vocational educators to enable them to incorporate the Computer Assisted Vocational Mathematics Program into their curriculum. (Computer Assisted Vocational Mathematics is designed to increase students' knowledge of applied…