Presented are guidelines for developing a cross-age tutoring program in the elementary school. Program goals and expectations are said to include social and academic improvement, and increased self image of both tutors and younger children. Two models for cross-age tutoring are outlined, and the process of implementing the program is reviewed.…

This study explored the problem of increasing vocabulary through peer tutoring at the primary level. It sought to determine whether greater opportunity to learn can be provide through peer tutoring by untrained primary grade tutors or untrained upper grade tutors. The effects of tutoring on sight word gains of receivers versus non-tutored controls…

This program, included in "Effective Reading Programs...," was begun in 1971 and serves about 300 students in kindergarten through grade 6. Three or four children from each class, who are identified by test results and/or evaluation by a teacher or a reading consultant as those most in need of remedial reading instruction, are selected…

This manual offers practical help for the nonprofessional volunteer tutor. Part 1, "Diagnostic Techniques for Tutors," allows the tutor to find out what problems interfere with the ability of a given child to read so that the tutor can plan activities which deal with each particular difficulty. Part 2, "Developing Learning Readiness Skills,"…

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the unaided teacher is able to teach kindergarten children in remedial reading as well as the teacher who is aided by trained fifth- and sixth-grade tutors. Involved in the study were eight schools using the Southwest Regional Laboratory (SWRL) First Year Communications Skills Program, which is…

Santa Barbara City College recently established a tutorial center to serve the needs of educationally disadvantaged students, particularly those with minority backgrounds. To investigate the impact ot these services, the performance and persistence of 75 students enrolled in a preparatory English course were studied. Each section was taught by the…

The first half of this report reviews four major projects which are training tutors for cross-age and peer tutoring, and the second half outlines a model for training and using tutors in either elementary or secondary schools. The four projects reviewed are 1) Youth Tutoring Youth, operated by the National Commission on Resources for Youth in New…

The effect of programmed tutoring on mathematics achievement for kindergarten and first grade children was investigated. The program used discovery-based activities, with each child working on a one-to-one basis with an adult aide. The adult tutor received about 30 hours of training in the program but no direct instruction in mathematics or…

The four studies in this report consider the attribution of ability in the relationship of tutor to tutee among elementary level students. In each of the studies, the tutee displayed, or was represented as displaying, one of four learning sequences: success-success, failure-failure, failure-success, or success-failure. The results of the first…

Two sections of a reading methods course were selected to determine the effect of affective and cognitive treatment sessions upon the attitude and performance of preservice teachers. School children with reading problems were tutored by the preservice teachers, and the children's attitudes and reading abilities were tested. The pre- and post-test…

Certain tasks in programed instruction can be performed only by computer. One such area is the arrangement of differential reinforcement for sophisticated reinforcement contingencies. That is, the capacity of the computer is required to determine whether the student has met the criterion for reinforcement. With this in mind, a computer-controlled…

One of the main purposes of the program reported herein was to reduce the academic and attitudinal problems of the underachieving high school pupils and to give them the responsibility for producing similar changes in the elementary pupils. The purpose of this evaluation was to determine to what extent the program had been successful. Because of…

Most computer assisted instruction programs cannot answer student questions for the simple reason that these programs do not "know" the subject matter they teach. But programs that can perform certain tasks could be augmented into computer tutors that can at least solve problems or answer questions in the subject matter under consideration. Based…

This report discusses the Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP), the primary purpose of which is to expand equal educational opportunities to the economically and educationally disadvantaged youth of New York State (1) who are graduates of approved high schools or holders of a New York State high school equivalency diploma, and (2) who are…

This report summarizes the status of the 1970-71 Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP), and the Search for Education, Elevation, and Knowledge (SEEK) programs in the public and non-public colleges and universities in New York State. The major aims of the programs are to encourage economically and educationally disadvantaged students to enter…