This paper argues that a number of recent developments and initiatives within higher education offer much encouragement to the establishment of peer tutoring systems within colleges. Findings are reviewed of England's Nottingham Polytechnic's exploration of peer tutoring over the past five years, and a critique is offered. (GLR)

Two versions of classwide peer tutoring in spelling were evaluated with fourth-grade at-risk students (n=6 and n=4). Both experiments demonstrated moderate to substantial improvement in the peer tutoring condition and only slightly better performance in paired peer tutoring using the Language Master. (DB)

Describes a training framework which used active listening to introduce volunteer adult literacy tutors to student-centered learning, expanding from active listening into group and learner observations. (SR)

A way to reintegrate native English speaking students and nonnative speakers of English with each other and with the establishment may be to begin at the entry point, by providing an opportunity for interaction and for learning about the ways of the university and its expectations together. Examples from several different colleges are noted. (six…

Two experiments involved an intelligent tutoring system for the Carnegie Mellon University Lisp Tutor using production system theories of transfer and analogical problem solving. Results suggested that acquisition of cognitive skills is facilitated by high degrees of metacognition, which includes higher level monitoring of states of knowledge,…

Presents six short articles by tutoring program coordinators and peer tutors from writing centers at the University of Washington and California State University, Chico. Offers points of view on the experiences, responsibilities, problems, and possibilities of cultural diversity in higher education. Focuses on the importance of critical reflection…

Argues that the early childhood field should be renamed early childhood educare and that Vygotsky's sociocultural theory is a more appropriate theoretical framework for the field than Piaget's. Discusses the role of language, internalization of interpersonal processes, importance of intersubjectivity, and role of adult and peer tutors in…

To reverse African-American youngsters' low achievement pattern, one Maryland middle school initiated the African-American Student Achievement Program. Plan devised strategies to improve African-American students' academic achievement, school participation, and academic self-esteem. Activities include homework club, MESA (Math, Engineering, and…

Discusses a tutoring project employing student teachers in a rural residential school for the socioeconomically disadvantaged in Israel. Pupils were asked to write about their experiences with tutors. Evaluators found that pupils appreciated the sympathetic companionship of tutors close in age to themselves. (DM)

This article illustrates how classwide peer tutoring (CWPT) is used to orchestrate classroom processes related to gains in at-risk students' academic performance. The article discusses such classroom process variables as engaged time, success rate, monitoring, and questioning, and reviews CWPT's effectiveness in relation to each variable.…

Reports a project in which the cued spelling technique was utilized among seven to nine year olds. Concludes that cued spelling is a technique that children can successfully utilize in a peer-tutoring format after relatively brief training using a minimum of special materials. (DB)

Fifty-two second-grade students were taught a generalizable problem-solving strategy for mathematics word problems. Results were mixed but were generally supportive of the notion that classwide student tutoring teams and direct instruction are useful adjuncts to teacher-led instruction in word problem solving in mathematics. (JDD)

A study involving 58 seventh graders in same-gender dyads in three mutual peer tutoring conditions demonstrates that tutorial interaction can be structured so that same-ability age mates can scaffold each other's higher order thinking and learning. Scaffolding is not necessarily restricted to situations in which one partner is more knowledgeable…

Describes a model for increasing the impact of peer tutoring beyond the specific subject matter tutored. Peer tutors were taught to also be study-skills coaches, sharing the secrets of learning and studying that allowed them to succeed. They tutored high-risk students during study halls. Evaluation indicated that the study-skills component…

Responds to an article in the April 1998 issue of this journal. Shares evidence about the effectiveness of peer tutoring. Discusses literacy tutoring of K-3 emergent readers by volunteers. Explains why tutoring is not teaching, and offers a model for successful tutoring practices. (SR)