Institutional assessment in higher education often restricts measurement of learning to outcomes that elide the complexity of learning processes and contexts in favor of data that is tidy and manageable. Moreover, such outcomes are frequently written to express an economic value for the learning to justify the purpose of education as a personal…

This conceptual article presents a challenge to the dominant view and practice of teacher professional learning and its focus on preparing "experts in teaching" and proposes instead an emphasis on preparing "experts in learning." Drawing on contemporary knowledge on the nature of human learning and development, and in…

Heightened attention to the importance of equitable educational practices in today's schools reveals a growing number of emergent bilingual students who have not received consistent formal education and may be struggling with overall literacy. Labeled as Students with Interrupted Formal Education (SIFE), these learners require novel educational…

In this analysis, we review artificial intelligence (AI)-supported personalized learning (PL) systems, with an emphasis on pedagogical approaches and implementation challenges. We searched the Web of Science and Scopus databases. After the preliminary review, we examined 30 publications in detail. ChatGPT and machine learning technologies are…

The so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring has in some contexts been described as privatization by default rather than by government policy. An allied literature shows that while such tutoring claims to supplement, it may also undermine schooling. This paper, with data from Myanmar, identifies ways in which shadow…

The purpose of this study was to investigate teacher candidates' perceptions of their first experience teaching literacy. Using a case study design, this research spans two consecutive semesters and investigates 34 teacher candidates' reflections as they engaged in structured tutoring in a university-based literacy clinic. Qualitative analyses of…

This dissertation focuses on strategies and techniques to enhance code comprehension skills among students enrolled in introductory computer science courses (CS1 and CS2). We propose a novel tutoring system, "DeepCodeTutor," designed to improve the code comprehension abilities of novices. DeepCodeTutor employs scaffolded self-explanation…

The EdResearch for Action "Design Principles Series" focuses on a single program or practice that has been proven to have positive effects on student outcomes. Authors -- leading experts from across the field of education research -- look across many high-quality studies of similar programs to identify the components and conditions that…

Research on the instructional quality of private tutoring is scarce. Meanwhile, poor instructional quality may be a reason for the minimal or null effects of private tutoring on academic achievement reported in many studies. It is also not clear what makes a good private tutor. To fill in these gaps, the study examined whether the structure of…

Amid the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI), the intricate model structures and opaque decision-making processes of AI-based systems have raised the trustworthy issues in education. We, therefore, first propose a novel three-layer knowledge tracing model designed to address trustworthiness for an intelligent tutoring system. Each…

This study explored the role of question types and prior knowledge in vicarious learning with an intelligent tutoring system. In experiment 1, the participants were assigned to three conditions (deep questions, shallow questions, control), the results showed that participants in the deep questions condition had higher retention test scores than…

In a 1984 essay, Benjamin Bloom, an educational psychologist at the University of Chicago, asserted that tutoring offered "the best learning conditions we can devise" and that tutors could raise student achievement by two full standard deviations--or, in statistical parlance, two "sigmas." The influence of Bloom's two-sigma…

Peer-assisted learning (PAL) is a long-standing educational concept in higher education (HE) and has been subjected to ongoing development and ultimate implementation into so-called 'high-risk' programmes. Substantial literature and evidence are available to confirm that PAL is an effective tool for unlocking active learning in medical education.…

Background: Organizational and systems-level conditions affect school systems during crises, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, which impacted student's academic achievement and well-being (Ingzell et al., 2021; Donelley et al., 2021; Meherali et al., 2021). Existing literature addressing organizations' responses to crises highlights the…

The global outbreak of the new coronavirus epidemic has promoted the development of intelligent education and the utilization of online learning systems. In order to provide students with intelligent services, such as cognitive diagnosis and personalized exercises recommendation, a fundamental task is the concept tagging for exercises, which…