This seminar paper reports case studies in the successful use of adult social reinforcement to modify problem behaviors of individual children in the Laboratory Preschool at the University of Washington, Seattle. After initially determining that teacher behavior functioned as a reinforcer in accordance with reinforcement principles, it became…

To examine three teachers' communication to individual students during their attempts to individualize instruction, a class of sixth grade students was videotaped as it spent a week in science, in social studies, and in mathematics. Tapes were analyzed using a modified form of Bellack's observation system. With the pedagogical move as the primary…

This investigation sought to determine the effects of a perceptual modeling concept, presented during the preservice experience, on the verbal behaviors of student teachers in their student teaching experience. Fifty-two preservice teachers were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. The experimental group received instruction…

A comparison was made of the effectiveness of a simulation-type inservice education program on teacher awareness of pupils' instructional reading levels in relation to the time of school year that the inservice program was conducted. Specific simulation processes, including sound films, audio tapes, overhead transparencies, and instructional…

Research on interpersonal self-fulfilling prophecies has recently turned to an examination of the effects of teachers' expectation on their pupils' learning. Only two of the earlier studies, however, employed as subjects an entire elementary school population. The present replication found that those boys of whom teachers had been led to expect…

A model of informational interaction between teachers and learners has been developed and the first facet for its taxonomy derived. The model focuses on the internal cognitive events of teaching and learning in human beings generally, rather than on the specific roles of instructor and student. Teacher-learner communication is described in terms…

A two-level model was formulated for the evaluation projects engaged in staff development in the Memphis elementary schools. The model takes into account that such projects are responsible for direct outcome in terms of teacher behavior, and indirect outcome in terms of pupil behavior. The two-level model provides an opportunity for assessing the…

A study was conducted to examine factors that influence the acceptance and rejection of instructional innovations by faculty at one community college and to identify elements in the college environment that influence the teacher's choices of instructional methods. An 8-month participant observation of the instructors was made. An attempt was made…

This paper reports the results of a survey of attitudes administered in conjunction with a program of behavioral training. The trainees were employees of federally supported child care centers, and the program was specifically designed to modify some behaviors of the trainees toward the children with whom they worked. The training staff consisted…

This study analyzed 42 of the 50 studies on performance-based teacher education cited by Rosenshine and Furst and the teaching variables proposed. The studies were analyzed for seven characteristics: a) criterion of student achievement, b) operational definitions of teaching behavior, c) statistical results, d) legitimacy of statistical tests, e)…

This two-phase study identifies the techniques used by teachers in their classrooms to arouse and maintain the attention and interest of their students (student engagement). During the first phase (reported in another document), 24 third- and fourth-grade teachers and their students in nine elementary schools in low-income communities were the…

This paper reports a study to develop a measure that would determine behaviors teachers predict they would use while teaching elementary school science. The Predicted Role Measure (PRM) consisted of a motion picture film and a response packet. After observing nine scenes from the film, the participating teachers recorded their predicted behaviors.…

Reported is a study to investigate the effectiveness of an instructional technique designed to enable preservice students enrolled in science methods courses to acquire skill in the use of nonverbal cues and the use of silence. Students were randomly assigned to experimental (9 students) and control (10 students) groups. The vehicle for skill…

This paper reports the results of a survey undertaken to determine (1) the extent to which teacher competencies are utilized, and (2) when teachers should receive training in the sub-category or terminal tasks. The survey instrument, sent to 950 high school teachers, involved competencies recommended in the 10 U.S. Office of Education Model…

This paper discusses the use of the terms "competence" and "performance" in teacher education. The education literature differentiating between the two concepts is reviewed. The author borrows a number of concepts from the field of linguistics, especially those of Chomsky and his colleagues, to construct a theory with respect…