Discusses how the misapplication of the concepts, tribe and tribalism, has shaped Western perceptions of ethnic complexity in Africa. The author argues that the misuse of these ideas has led to an oversimplified view of African cultural diversity, often causing errors in U.S. foreign policy. (AM)

Indian-White interaction surrounding natural resource management and control in the Pacific Northwest represents a torturous economic, political, and legal story. (Author)

Assembles all primary accounts of Cherokee Ghost Dance Movement and reassesses them in the light of recent studies, particularly those by A.F.C. Wallace, Peter Worsley, and Kenelm Burridge. Evidence casts doubts on claim of a direct link between the Cherokee movement and the ghost dance religion among the Creek. (NEC)

The American Indian Religious Freedom Act is to enforce the constitutional provision that guarantees all Americans a right to free exercise of religion. Cited are problems in implementation, examples of infringement of Indian religions, examples of cases where the act might have an effect, and the definition of an American Indian. (Author/RTS)

To the Indian, art is a way of seeing, and the Indian painters of the 1970s have given greater emphasis to the personal nature of seeing than have any Native artists before them. Article discusses recent trends, qualities, and innovations in Indian art and some of the significant Indian artists.

The Washington Report currently identifies, analyzes and tracks legislation, administrative agencies regulations and Supreme Court decisions relating to Indian affairs. (Author/RTS)

Among 120 Cherokees and Cheyennes tested with Levenson's multidimensional locus of control scale, Cheyenne male alcoholics scored significantly lower on the internal scale than Cheyenne male nonalcoholics, and Cherokee female alcoholics scored significantly higher on the external scale than Cherokee female nonalcoholics. Contains 16 references.…

Describes the controversy over high stakes gambling operations on Tuscarora and Mohawk reservation lands that has shaken Iroquois communities. Outlines the arguments of both sides, and suggests that tribal ownership and control of gambling operations, which has worked satisfactorily for the Seneca, may provide a resolution. (SV)

Describes the Tribal Telecommunications Network, a non-profit Native American organization promoted by the Hopland Band of the Pomo Indians. Outlines network uses and objectives: identifying and locating economic and information resources, creating jobs, and teleconferencing tribal meetings. (SV)

Studies of families, twins, and adoptees support a genetic predisposition to alcoholism. Alcohol metabolism may affect the regulation of alcohol intake, because interference with production or elimination of the alcohol metabolite acetaldehyde has behavioral effects. Ongoing research is examining individual and tribal differences in alcohol…

This community-based participatory research (CBPR) project utilized a mixed-methods survey design to identify urban (Tulsa, OK) American Indian (AI) strengths and needs. Six hundred fifty AIs (550 adults and 100 youth) were surveyed regarding their attitudes and beliefs about their community. These results were used in conjunction with other…

Western New York's Allegany Seneca Reservation was a troubled place. John Peirce, one of many Allegany chiefs, could only lament in 1821 how a political situation had spiraled out of control: "war had risen amongst them." Within a span of a few years, Quakers operating a schoolhouse on Seneca lands had ripped apart the Allegany people.…

"Maine appears out of the woods," the editor of the "Lewiston Evening Journal" opined, after President Jimmy Carter signed the Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act in 1980. That sigh of relief was heartfelt. During the 1970s, two Native American tribes, the Passamaquoddies and Penobscots, had sparked a long, statewide nightmare…

How can indigenous peoples react to a situation of change that has a particularly strong effect on their youth? This article attempts to understand whether young Crees, who today find themselves all too often in a situation of double social exclusion, can complete their schooling, thus qualifying for work in the dominant society, while at the same…

We present data from interviews with 401 youths on the relationship of personal, familial, and environmental strengths to the outcomes of urban and reservation American Indian youths. Urban youths consistently nominated more strengths than tribal youths, except in the area of tribal strengths. Quantitative data show how those strengths relate to…