A basic quality of the open classroom is that children are encouraged to make choices. Psychological rationales for allowing children to make choices are taken from psychological theory: (1) the objective of education, stated by Piaget and others, is to develop creative and independent thinkers; (2) children are intrinsically motivated to learn:…

The school, often inadvertently and unconsciously, subordinates ethnic and racial minorities. School mechanisms have developed which tend to support ethnic isolation, perpetuate stereotyping and other myths, and in manifold ways differentially treat minorities. School segregation, ability grouping, student fees, and curricular or extracurricular…

This study was designed to identify stable and meaningful aspects of teaching behavior pertaining to the individualization of instruction in special classes for the retarded. Ten predominantly urban classes for intermediate educable mentally retarded pupils were selected from the total of 32 such classes in a large city. These classes were…

Role consensus is the extent to which agreement exists among the individuals in a group, between groups, or between cities. In three markedly different communities, teachers, principals, superintendents, school boards, and citizens were surveyed for their views on 45 norm items pertaining to the role of the elementary school teacher. Within each…

This document reports on an observation instrument and data obtained over 2 years as part of the national evaluation of project Follow Through. Data was collected from 70 kindergarten and first grade classrooms involved 7 different experimental programs and including 2 comparison (control) classrooms. The primary instrument used to measure teacher…

Corporal punishment and its implications are discussed in this speech in Dallas, where corporal punishment is officially sanctioned as a method of school discipline, and in many other parts of the country, the prevailing opinion is that corporal punishment is necessary, effective and harmless. But the effectiveness of such punishment is dubious…

The linear orientation toward the teaching of speech communication courses designed for prospective teachers is criticized in this study for its too simplistic speaker/message/receiver paradigm. In support of the position that a far broader and more complex pattern of communication must be embraced if any contemporary theorizing about…

The Committee on Performance-Based Teacher Education (PBTE) of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education reported that adequate evaluation is critical to the success of PBTE. Some basic measurement and decision-making concerns are crucial to such an evaluation. Essential is a list of competencies. Problems in assessing attainment…

Objective scores and judges' ratings, both based on a complex personal assessment battery, were correlated with a pupil-gain criterion of teaching effectiveness and with a number of observationally derived measures of classroom teaching behavior. Twenty-seven primary teachers were studied who had demonstrated consistent patterns of pupil gain over…

Several high inference ratings were made on a sample of 31 second- and third-grade teachers selected for study because of their consistency in producing student gains on the Metropolitan Achievement Test over three successive years. Data consist of scales, checklists, and percent estimates filled out by coders after or during classroom…

This manual for supervision addresses itself to those with responsibility for helping teachers develop into skilled professionals through use of a rational plan of feedback and assistance. It describes the supervision cycle and outline simple and practical techniques to collect effective data that will assist the classroom teacher. The manual has…

The author uses a developmental model (1) to describe the developmental reinforcement process as it occurs in a child's life, using a hierarchical concept, and (2) to discuss some educational consequences of a reinforcement deficit. The developmental reinforcement process is composed of a hierarchy of four levels. Development takes place in…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of the contents of the Board of Education Act of 1969 passed by the legislature of the Government of New South Wales, Australia. It provides for a Board of Teacher Education to consist of not less than 14 and not more than 27 members, and includes two to five representatives…

This paper presents a proposed statement of qualifications and guidelines for the preparation and certification of teachers of English to speakers of other languages in the United States. It is designed to assist teacher certification agencies and educational institutions in the establishment of certification standards and in the design and…

This description of the project includes background, overview, and a detailed report of procedures used to collect, handle, and analyze the data. The appendix includes a sample teacher/student critical incident form and suggestions for interviewers of teachers, students, and parents. (MS)