A curriculum-based measurement approach to evaluating and improving oral reading fluency (ORF) in grades 2-5 is presented. A table of norms (medians) in ORF is provided, based on approximately 9,000 students. Specific classroom uses of the norms are suggested, such as use in developing individualized objectives for students with disabilities. (DB)

Presents a historical sketch of American Montessori teacher education and discusses issues that should be addressed in the future. Suggests that teacher educators should teach their students strategies for individualizing their interactions with children rather than encouraging their students to memorize large amounts of material. Advocates the…

Describes the Knowledge Gateway Project (KGP), a program that emphasizes intensive use of computer technology to help at-risk high school students. Teacher training in the use of Macintosh computers and appropriate software is discussed, self-paced lessons are described, and changes in student behavior are reviewed. (LRW)

Describes how a first-grade teacher developed an effective spelling program for his classroom that teaches sounds and words in the context of children's experiences. His program encourages students to memorize and learn words because the words are important to them rather than picked for them. (SM)

Three experiments evaluated the use of choral and individual responding in teaching word reading to four students (ages 10-13) with moderate mental retardation. The experiments indicated that the effects of choral and individual responding interact with the ratio of exposures to stimulus and with the ratio of opportunities to respond in the two…

A significant number of American high schools are trying to restructure the traditional organization by designing smaller house plans, advisory systems, and block schedules enabling them to serve today's students' diverse needs. Besides helping to personalize learning, such nontraditional schooling alternatives can help create a healthy…

Discussion of the use of computers for systematic individualization of instruction focuses on a study of elementary school students using computer-managed drill and practice in arithmetic in four different systems. A model for decision making in computer-managed practice systems is presented, and the role of the teacher is discussed. (43…

Discusses changes in models of education and teaching that affect the roles of educational technologists. A review of schooling models of the past, present, and future emphasizes a shift from traditional teacher and student roles to more democratic, individualized instruction; and McBeath's transformational model for change is considered. (15…

The article describes the Finnish special education system which provides instructional modifications ranging from remedial education to individual instruction at home, with most students receiving part-time special education by resource room teachers. The last decade has seen emphasis on individual and group integration and individual special…

Describes a beginning conducting course at the University of Kansas that utilizes self-instruction through the use of video programing. The course includes 12 videotaped modules presented weekly, providing students with a visual model to review their performance. Finds that students gain basic competency in terminology, transposition, and…

In the state of Victoria, Australia, a rigorous program to eradicate failure in early literacy is based on expectations of success for all students, detailed records of student needs and progress, extensive teacher training and ongoing support, individualized instruction and active intervention for students who are not making progress, and links…

Describes characteristics of mathematically gifted students and how teachers can identify, instruct, and assess such students through observation, conversation, classroom activities, and individual testing, using true mathematical problems geared for the specific student. Cross-curriculum indicators of talent, classroom structure, and…

Relates the origin of the Russian regional education program entitled the "Program for the Development of the System of Education of Novgorod Oblast 1996-2000" outlining the stages, content, and principles of the program's creation. Focuses on municipal educational institutions and individualization of instruction. (CMK)

This study compared Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for 108 elementary grade students with mild disabilities in either resource or inclusive settings. IEPs for resource students had more service minutes, more long-range goals, used more information sources, indicated better correspondence between IEP components and student ability level,…

Presents a paradigm for restructuring elementary education administration. Discusses the need for a goal-oriented system, a skills-oriented curriculum, activities and concepts that accommodate child development, flexible scheduling and staffing, and changing learning activities. Suggests that a computerized model of the learning process could be…