Reduced prospects of an academic career may make doctoral training less attractive in the future and may already be affecting graduate enrollment. Growth in graduate enrollment in Australia from 1974 to 1978 has been greatest in master's coursework and less in master's research degrees and doctorates. (MSE)

College students in the 1980s pursue narrow, personal, career-oriented goals; consequently, enrollment in the liberal arts is falling. Students are missing the opportunity for exposure to liberal learning and are not developing habits of reflective thinking and an expanded vision. (PP)

Faced with declining enrollments and poor morale, U.S. higher education must address the fundamental issue of how a modern society organizes to develop its people. A new human learning system requires citizen awareness of self-development needs, a sense of the individual's place in society, and interinstitutional cooperation. Examples are…

The trends and reforms of the French postsecondary education system show fundamental adaptation to new concerns, but the development is slow and uneven, being kept in check by certain well-established institutions. The main causes of malfunctions, attributed to it by students, employers, governments, and teachers, are identified and discussed.…

Discusses five influences on the potential for future community college growth, expansion, and survival: the existence of more potential students; more public and private sector competition for students; serious staff development requirements; a focus on personalized and humanized teaching; and the need to evaluate and document institutional…

The most significant economic factors affecting public and private institutions during the next two decades are the economic characteristics, marketing differences, and cost behavior differences in the two sectors. An economic projection shows the private sector cannot survive the decline without sacrificing program quality to cut costs. (MSE)

A case is made for attempting to expand demand for higher education in Britain on investment, equity, and service grounds. Mechanisms for increasing demand and improving access should include: alternative admission requirements, improved credit transfer, and the encouragement of market mechanisms in the supply of courses. (Author/MLW)

The extent to which enrollment rates are a good indicator of the extension of schooling in Italy is examined. These rates suggest that there has been a transition from elite to mass secondary education. The search for differences according to sex, social class, and regional variables is discussed. (MLW)

The future for continuing education centers looks poor unless they mobilize to discover new education "markets" to compensate for the loss of students in regular university departments. This would alleviate some of the tensions between extension and regular services. (MSE)

Educational developments in the Middle East are analyzed in terms of the relationship between educational systems and developmental goals, especially manpower. Accompanying commentaries by Orin D. Parker and Joy W. Viola contend that educational quality has been sacrificed for quantity and that judgment of the system must be made within a cultural…

Nigeria's oil revenues are financing a variety of development projects including those in education. The current plan for the education system is highlighted along with the implications for American higher education. Commentaries by Raymond A. Ehrle, Jenny K. Johnson, and Ezra A. Naughton are included. (JMF)

Universal primary education is suggested to improve, but not equalize, access to educational services as long as inequality exists in the larger society and in individual abilities. The implications of study of the relationship between school, educational input, environmental variables, and basic educational expansion on future government are…

Despite the growth of feminism in Western society, continuing education for women still stresses domestic and "feminine" concerns. Changes in women's life-styles and life expectancy demand changes in the educational system's content and format: in the development of individual confidence, the creation of interactive learning situations,…

This introduction to a series of articles on education and work focuses on the challenge to institutions of higher education that the adult lifelong learner presents. Topics include the potential for adult learning, learning needs, characteristics of adult learners, and the ability of traditional campuses to accommodate these students. (JMD)

Factors underlying individual demand for higher education are assessed using data from Greece. A set of family, personal, geographical, and school characteristics are related by multivariate analysis to a student's decision regarding further education and to his choice of institution. Empirical estimates of the strength of factors affecting…