THIS MANUAL DESCRIBES MEASURES USED IN "THE COGNITIVE ENVIRONMENTS OF URBAN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN" PROJECT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. THE SAMPLE FOR THE STUDY CONSISTED OF 163 NEGRO MOTHER-CHILD PAIRS SELECTED FROM 3 SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSES BASED ON THE FATHER'S OCCUPATION AND THE PARENTS' EDUCATION. A FOURTH GROUP INCLUDED FATHER-ABSENT…

THIS STUDY WAS MADE IN AN ATTEMPT TO DISCOVER HOW MUCH ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULATION IS NECESSARY FOR NORMAL LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN CHILDREN. THROUGH ANALYSIS OF TRANSFORMATIONAL GRAMMER, THE SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES OF TWENTY 5-YEAR-OLD CULTURALLY DEPRIVED NEGRO CHILDREN IN BALTIMORE WERE COMPARED TO THOSE OF A GROUP OF MIDDLE CLASS WHITE NURSERY SCHOOL…

This document is the first year's report of a continuing study of the effects of two Head Start preschool experimental programs. Subjects were children from poverty areas in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Seven teachers who were most opposed to a Bereiter-Engelmann type highly academic structured program were assigned to Group I; and seven teachers least…

This study attempted to find which factors determine the course of mental growth. The hypotheses were as follows: (1) early growth rates are rapid, chaotic, and uneven; (2) intellectual functions become more complex at age 2; (3) language is of overriding importance in intellectual growth; (4) more developed individuals have a longer infancy…

This paper argues that it is important to provide children with complementary activities in a horizontal arrangement in order to promote acceleration of vertical levels of thinking. A brief review of literature on the relationship between experience and logical thinking is presented and the definition and function of transfer are discussed.…

This paper reviews Piaget's stages of play and discusses the implications of play for early childhood education. The three stages of play identified in Piaget's research are: (1) practice play, (2) symbolic or make believe play and (3) games with rules. The characteristics of each type of play are presented and examples of play at each stage are…

This study examines the relationship between mother-infant behavior and the infant's performance on perceptual-cognitive tasks as a function of the infant's sex. A total of 189 12-week-old infants and their mothers were observed in their homes during 2 hours of infant awake time. In addition, the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales…

Five studies investigated the development of imitation in children 1-3 years old. Results indicated that children as young as 12 months possess the cognitive capability of translating a perception of an action into their own behavior, but imitation varies as actions requiring direct social commerce with the examiner are imitated less frequently…

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of an individualized program for learning-disabled children. The subjects participated individually prescribed learning activities, which involved small-group interactions directed toward the growth and development of perceptual skills, perceptual-motor skills and self-concepts, and…

Forty-two volunteer subjects, mostly young adults, participated in developing a methodology for studying cognitive processes and cerebral lateral functions in relation to individual cognitive styles and age. Four test batteries were developed and refined in this study: the adult cognitive, the adult electroencephalogram (EEG), the children's…

Intended as a basic text for graduate courses in art therapy with handicapped children, the book contains discussions of the role of art in the handicapped child's education and the development of cognitive and creative skills through the use of art. In the first of two parts, the range of opportunities in art for cognition, adjustment, and…

Adolescent turmoil has been investigated as a manifestation of normative crisis functioning. Anna Freud and Erikson look upon this as almost universal. Daniel and Judith Offer found this quality present in only 21% of their sample of male high school non-patient students. Masterson in his longterm study reported that adolescent turmoil was at most…

This document contains six papers prepared between 1969 and 1975 by the Protein-Calorie Advisory Group (PAG) of the United Nations on topics related to the feeding of preschool children in underdeveloped countries. Among the topics covered: (1) nutrition in utero; (2) nutritional aspects of breastfeeding; (3) infant mortality rates as indicators…

This paper directs attention to the use of the EQUATIONS game as a research tool to study certain kinds of mathematical behavior, for example, the kinds of mathematical problems which players prefer to consider and to force their opponents to consider. Mathematical equations that meet certain game rule constraints constitute a problem space. A…

To investigate the affective and cognitive gains produced in an auto-tutorial world civilizations course, two groups of students were compared. A traditionally-taught (TT) section of 145 students and an auto-tutorially (AT) taught section of 140 were given pre- and posttests and used the same text and Modular Learning Program. The TT section…