This issue of the "Journal of Children and Youth" focuses on children's strategies for decoding and comprehending written language and teacher's strategies for facilitating this process. The issue includes eleven papers by members of the Indiana Reading Professors division of the Indiana State Reading Council and several invited guests. Peggy…

THIS STUDY INVESTIGATED THE EFFECTS OF THE GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE OF READING MATERIALS ON THE EYE-VOICE SPAN (EVS). THE EYE-VOICE SPAN IS THE DISTANCE THE EYE IS AHEAD OF THE VOICE IN READING ALOUD. THE HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY WAS THAT THE EYE-VOICE SPAN IS NOT A CONSTANT OR FIXED LENGTH REGARDLESS OF THE MATERIAL BEING READ, BUT THAT, AMONG OTHER…

Traditionally, reading disabled children have been characterized as suffering a performance or process deficit that prevents them from acquiring the knowledge and skills underlying proficient reading and comprehension. Such explanations raise some logical problems. Process oriented theories do not adequately explain the specificity nor address the…

Current methods for teaching reading comprehension tend to emphasize the products of comprehension and neglect the processes of comprehension. There are two sets of skills that are particularly important to teach. The first set includes comprehension monitoring skills that involve readers' monitoring their continuing processing for possible…

Two comprehension-time experiments were conducted to identify factors affecting the comprehensibility of written materials. The subjects (a total of 52 college students for the two experiments) were presented with pairs of sentences--"context" sentences followed by "target" sentences--and were asked to relate the content of the target sentences to…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in reading strategies between good and poor readers in the first, second, third, and fifth grades. Three patterns of students' oral reading errors were analyzed on the Gray Oral Reading test. For the first pattern, occurrence of visually similar and grammatically acceptable errors,…

Seventy-two children, 18 from each of grades three, six, nine, and twelve, participated in a study of developmental changes in children's knowledge about the morphological structures underlying the spoken form of complex derived words. Three oral language tests were used to show when and how children learn that derived words are not unanalyzable…

A sample of 174 eleventh-grade students divided two passages into idea units (segments of information used when reading) and rated predetermined idea units according to three attributes that have been shown to correlate with recall. Standardized test scores for reading, scholastic aptitude, and general achievement were included in the analyses.…

A review of research reveals that, although several reading researchers recognize the significance of grammatical complexity beyond the sentence in reading comprehension, little research exists in this area of grammatical interrelationships among sentences. The first step toward an understanding of grammatical complexity beyond the sentence is for…

The "individual forming meaning with a text" is a private and fundamental semiotic process involving relationships among text, individual, and meaning. Prior to an individual's use of language for aesthetic purposes lies the presupposition of the aesthetic language act--that the individual approaches the text expecting to work and be rewarded.…

TO TEST THE ASSUMPTION THAT THE READING PROCESS IS A NATURAL EMERGENCE OF LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT, A HYPOTHETICAL STRUCTURE WAS DEVISED TO RECAPITULATE THE PROCESS THAT IT IS ASSUMED THE CHILD GOES THROUGH. EACH OF 25 PRINTED WORD SYMBOLS WAS PRESENTED IN THE FOLLOWING ORDER--(1) A PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SYMBOL IN ITS NATURAL SETTING, (2) A DRAWING OF THE…

Several case histories of hyperlexic children whose abilities in word recognition are at a level significantly higher than their general level of intellectual functioning are described, and the impact of such a condition on the child is suggested as an object of research. In the sever"l cases presented, the hyperlexia re"ulted in environmental…

By comparing the strategies involved in creating a poem and in writing a government report, this paper presents a model of reading and writing processes for exploring the relationship between literature and technical writing and for pointing out the similarities in the use of texts. The model assumes that the student approaches a piece of writing…

The processes of learning to read and learning to calculate are significantly similar to justify an interdisciplinary approach to teaching them. In this book a series of parallels are drawn between mathematics and reading in order to exemplify the similarities in diagnostic procedures, terminology, and skill sequences. Topics covered in the book…

This study was designed to determine whether adults' memory for pictorial and word stimuli might be differentially affected by age. Twenty female secretaries, median age 22.1, and 20 female members of a senior citizens' center, median age 69.4, were asked to learn lists of pictorial and word stimuli under free recall conditions. Eight trials were…