The work described in this report is aimed at understanding the role of cognitive development, especially perceptual development, in the reading process and its acquisition. The papers included describe: (1) a theory of perceptual learning, (2) an investigation of the perception of morphological information, (3) the role of categorical semantic…

A study was conducted to discover whether college students could predict which linguistic subunits of expository prose would be recalled. Comparison was made between the predicted subunits and the actual subunits recalled. Subjects were presented with 650 or 810 word prose passages and informed that they would be tested on their recall of passages…

Imbedded aids are units of assistance and enrichment woven into textual material to aid in reading comprehension. Eighteen specific types of aids have been developed so far, ranging from line numbering locators to independent study suggestions. This paper presents an imbedded-aids prototype, a partial rationale for the approach, and a critique of…

Sixteen sixth-grade students participated in a study of the reasoning strategies employed by good and poor readers. Students, trained in applying introspective procedures, completed instruments that measured verbal reasoning, determining cause and effect, reading for inference, and determining main idea. Protocols obtained during five consecutive…

Good and poor readers drawn from seventh-grade classes read one prose passage and listened to a second one. They were tested following each passage, for comprehension and recall of that passage. Under both reading and listening conditions, good readers recalled a greater proportion of the stories, and the likelihood of their recalling a particular…

This study attempted to elucidate the effects of context and level of processing on comprehension and memory for prose. Two aspects of memory for prose were investigated: the amount of information remembered and the semantic interpretation assigned to ambiguous paragraphs. Task instructions and exposure duration of the passages were manipulated to…

This symposium brought together specialists in the fields of education, linguistics, and psychology to discuss the relationships between language and reading. Separate papers discuss reading and language development, the reading process, the role of prediction in reading, the contribution of pragmatics to reading, and the development of reading…

The study summarized in this book was an intensive, detailed analysis of young fluent readers, their strengths, and the weaknesses in spite of which they learned to read early and fluently. Specifically, the study investigated two aspects of learning to read: the extent to which certain characteristics may appear crucial because of the particular…

A stratified random sample of 70 pupils was selected from 261 children from three elementary schools, who had completed one year of formal reading instruction. To investigate whether visual discrimination or visual-motor development was more closely related to reading achievement, tests of reading achievement, intelligence, visual-motor abilities,…

In order to investigate whether the reading process develops similarly in languages where grapheme-phoneme relationships are more consistent, or where there is less word-order constraint, than in English, oral-reading-error analysis was extended to a language other than English. Errors evaluated were made by five Colombian second graders and six…

Drawing on results from informal reading inventories and studies of oral reading behavior, a theory is presented to describe the process of learning to read. Reading is seen to be broader than a skill and more like a repertoire with many abilities, aptitudes, and special accomplishments performing in concert. This repertoire is acquired in four…

A lowered heart rate is associated with involvement in reading.

Barthes'"S/Z: An Essay" offers ways of approaching critical problems not well dealt with in Anglo-American criticism.

Provides teaching strategies that not only give students extrinsic feedback, but also help students to develop a functional intrinsic feedback system, so that they can "self-monitor" their reading performance. (RL)