This collection of papers represents the proceedings of a research workshop on coding processes in human memory held in Massachusetts in August, 1971. The emphasis is on the contemporary issue of coding and particularly on the encoding processes at the time information is stored in memory. This volume is intended for use by research workers and…

This book explores the question of how we know what we know. The articles, essays, pictures, and practical exercises focus on language, meaning, and the ways in which we communicate. The book is divided into six major divisions: the representative function of words and language; cultural attitudes, values, and assumptions inherent in any given…

Presented in this teacher's guide are ideas and projects to help students develop an awareness and appreciation of their environment. Sharpening the senses is emphasized through activities dealing with water quality, sound qualities, and noise, air quality, solid waste control, and soil management. The text is divided into four levels roughly…

A component selection measure developed by Hale and Morgan (1971) was used to determine children's tendency to exercise selective attention. This tendency was assessed at six different levels of training, ranging from undertraining to overtraining, and was examined at each of three ages--4 (N=116), 8 (N=216), and 12 (N=104). In the learning phase,…

Eighty-four nine year old children, twelve in each of seven experimental groups, learned a two-choice successive discrimination problem. The parameters that were systematically manipulated included: (1) immediate versus delayed reinforcement; and (2) forced preresponse stimulus exposure versus stimulus exposure during the delay interval,…

THE EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTIONS, TYPE OF LABEL, TYPE OF CONCEPT, AND SEQUENCE OF CONCEPTS BY TYPE UPON CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION WERE INVESTIGATED IN THIS STUDY. PERFORMANCE WAS ANALYZED IN TERMS OF FOUR TYPES OF TEST ITEMS. INSTRUCTION, FOCUSING ON THE CONCEPT TO BE ATTAINED AND THE CONCEPT NATURE, WAS FOUND TO FACILITATE CONCEPT IDENTIFICATION…

This research derives from the proposition that a helping relationship influences the helper's perceptions of the recipient, and that the perceptual consequences are not necessarily positive. It was hypothesized that persons who help tend to underestimate the ability of the recipient. In a 2 X 2 factorial design, subjects (48 college males)…

To improve productivity as well as to encourage personal growth, there has been a limited but determined movement in some higher education institutions to use librarians in non-library related classroom teaching assignments in addition to their regular duties. The experiences of two college librarians who temporarily assumed additional non-library…

In this study, 30 male college students from two weightlifting classes and 30 female college students enrolled in an educational psychology course designed specifically for music education majors were asked to read two ambiguous passages, each of which could be interpreted in two different ways. The first passage could be perceived as describing…

The purpose of this paper is to present a social psychological explanation of the self-confrontation process. A model of self-confrontation based on attribution theory is introduced. The use of video tape playback as a tool for self-confrontation is discussed, and implications for research are outlined. (MPJ)

Two five-week test-retest reliability studies of a measure of the unit of perception of ongoing behavior were conducted. In the first, 25 females and 23 males segmented a 7-minute action sequence under fine-unit or gross-unit instructional sets. Number of units marked at first viewing correlated .87 with number of units at retest. Correlations…

Psychology is again revitalizing efforts to explore the nature and extent of human consciousness. Although consciousness has always been the central subject matter of psychology, various metholodological and ideological "schools" have often quarreled as to exactly what constitutes the appropriate measure of the subject. What is most…

The article focuses on one nurse's experience in the nurse-midwife program at a large New York medical center. Terming the learning process a painful transition from academe to reality, the author discusses skills learned, conflicts with physicians' belief systems, rewards and frustrations, and the need for nurse-midwife identity. (Author/MS)

Native Americans, Mexican Americans, and Anglo-Americans estimated equal intervals of idle time and time spent working at meaningful tasks; whereas younger Anglo-Americans and all older groups perceived the idle time as longer, younger minority culture group perceived no difference in the two times; an interpretation incorporating negative order…

The information gathered in this study was put into practical use in Atlanta by making recommendations to a public service agency that through working with several governmental agencies, is in the process of organizing and ascertaining funds for a newspaper in Spanish for the metropolitan area. (Author/AM)