Explores the social and cultural construction of femininity among young Hmong women in the West, drawing on interviews with members of the Hmong community in Hobart, Tasmania (Australia). Constructions of Hmong femininity emerging in Australia and the United States challenge the core of Hmong social organizations as imagined in the West. (SLD)

Compared the pronouns he, she, and they with he/she alternating to examine children's recall and gender interpretation of stories. Children read stories about ambiguous characters called by varying pronouns and enjoying stereotypically masculine, feminine, or neutral activities. Recall was higher for girls, older children, and children hearing…

Explored the experiences of a male student teacher who left the Marine Corps to student teach in a first-grade classroom, noting the gendered nature of the classroom and the preservice program. Using his student teaching journal, researchers analyzed critical incidents and highlighted ways that discourses of femininity were deployed in often…

Consequences of nonconformity to hegemonic femininity in sport often include sexist and heterosexist discrimination. This leads many sportswomen to emphasize feminine characteristics to avoid prejudice and discrimination. Females perceived as too feminine are sexualized and trivialized, leaving women to carefully balance athleticism with hegemonic…

Explored the effects on college students' mood and body image of a negative versus positive outcome in an opposite-sex, competitive peer interaction. Used one gender-neutral and one gender stereotypical task. There were no gender differences in reactions to winning or losing gender-neutral competitions, except marginally for depression. The…

One unified aspect of men's gender role conflict is the fear of femininity, which can produce six conflicts: restrictive emotionality; homophobia; socialized control, power, and competition; restrictive affectionate behavior; obsession with achievement and success; and health care problems. To measure these constructs 85 items were generated from…

An investigation was made of the relationship between sex-role orientation (as measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory) and responsiveness in infant care (as determined by observations on the Nursing Child Assessment Feeding Scale). Subjects participating in the study consisted of 44 father/infant dyads. It was hypothesized that androgynous fathers…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between masculinity, feminity, and androgyny and measures of sexual behavior, attitudes and knowledge. Sexual attitudes and knowledge were assessed by use of the Sexual Knowledge and Attitudes Test, and sexual behavior was assessed by means of the Sexual Experiences Inventory. Subjects…

Previous research indicating that males entering the clergy tend to have "feminine" profiles on psychological tests is challenged. A sample of entering clergy students were administered two personality measures. Results did not support the previous research. (JKS)

Bem's measures of Masculinity, Femininity, and the absolute value of her androgyny measure were analyzed by the principal-components method with the Masculinity-Femininity scales from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the California Psychological Inventory, the Omnibus Personality Inventory, and the Need for Heterosexuality scale of…

Considers the following dimensions of attributional models: (1) responsibility for causes of problems, and (2) for solutions to problems. Finds a significant association between femininity and low internal attribution of responsibility for problem solving. Discusses results in terms of sex role and gender differences in help seeking. (Author/LHW)

A study of sex-role identification partly confirmed two hypotheses: (1) the social relationships of late childhood have attributes which encourage the feminine stereotype rather than the masculine stereotype; and (2) children of both sexes who attest to masculine characteristics feel higher levels of discordance than those who attest to female…

Explores the differences in masculinity-femininity between women who enroll in higher level mathematics courses and those who do not. Contrasts personality traits, attitudes, and role behaviors of the two groups of women. Results indicate that the two groups differ on a number of variables including background and vocational interests. (Author/SA)

This study examined gender-based differential item functioning (DIF) on the 10th-grade history achievement test administered as part of the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88), which followed 24,599 8th graders into 10th and 12th grades. Several DIF analyses with varying matching criteria were conducted, and the results were…

The author examines ways the socialization process molds stereotypes of femininity into the personality of females. Particularly important is the sex typing of activities by parents of their children. Educators have a responsibility to institute changes in educational structures and processes to facilitate the full development of female…