The Agnate Sentences Test was designed to measure awareness of the relationship between sentences that are similar in semantic content but different in syntactic structure. In this study, developmental differences in the ability to decode written syntax are observed by means of this test which was administered to 63 4th graders, 65 8th graders,…

Word identification involves many possible strategies in order for the reader to familiarize himself with vocabulary to gain meaning. One strategy is the development of sight vocabulary; another is phonetic analysis, which includes sound-symbol correspondence, syllabication, and accent; and a final strategy is structural analysis, which includes…

Adult students are voluntary learners. They have certain expectations of achievement when returning to the classroom. The teacher of adults should utilize these students' experiences, because adults can respond better if encouraged to draw on their personal knowledge. The non-English speaking adult students learning English as a second language…

This book is concerned with the skill of learning to read and factors primarily related to teaching the beginning reading skills. The contents include: "Rationale," which discusses abilities related to reading, reading as a different medium, decoding coming before reading, decoding as separate from reading, hypotheses for decoding, and a…

This study evaluated the decoding skills acquired by low readers in an experimental project that taught low readers in regular class through the use of clinical procedures based on a synthetic phonic, multisensory approach. An evaluation instrument which permitted the tabulation of specific decoding skills was administered as a pretest and…

The ability of 100 second-grade boys and girls to self-correct oral reading errors was studied in relationship to visual-form perception, phonic skills, response speed, and reading level. Each child was tested individually with the Bender-Error Test, the Gray Oral Paragraphs, and the Roswell-Chall Diagnostic Reading Test and placed into a group of…

A word attack program that begins with phonics and incorporates various aspects of a linguistics approach is described in this paper. Regardless of the material that is used, there are 13 consonant sounds which are easier to learn than others: b, d, j, f, k, p, t, l, m, n, r, v, and z. W and h would be introduced next because in isolation they…

The purposes of this research were to develop a new methodology for measuring comprehension and analyze individual differences in perceiving sentence difficulty. Written descriptions of commonly occurring visual scenes served as the stimuli in the new methodology. The reader's success in drawing a scene after viewing a written description of it…

Reveals statistically significant differences in the oral reading strategies employed by average and below average readers in each grade, and across succeeding grade levels. (Author)

No difference was found in recall of nonverbal stimuli between normal and learning disabled readers, suggesting that primary reading deficits in learning disabled children are related to verbal encoding deficiencies (visual-verbal integration) and not to deficiencies of visual memory, as suggested by the perceptual deficit hypothesis. (Author/GDC)

Fourth and sixth graders and adults read words preceded by either a congruous, incongruous, or no-sentence context, and then completed another task where they named the color of the target word. Results suggested that context effects are mediated by automatic processes which decrease in importance with age and reading ability. (Author/JMB)

This article discusses ways of analyzing errors made in oral reading; interpreting mistakes in the correct way enables the teacher to understand why the reader is making them and to help overcome the reading difficulties they indicate. (JD)

Refutes six arguments commonly used to discredit remedial teaching of decoding skills to young adults in order to motivate both researchers and teachers to reexamine the role of decoding skills in reading in the upper grades and beyond. (SKC)

Shows how "concept of definition" (CD) instruction (instruction which organizes conceptual information into categories, properties, and illustrations) can be applied to content area reading. Presents several lessons and activities which develop strategies for combining new text information with prior knowledge and for self-monitoring…

Points out the importance of good reading skills to success in math class. Stresses that teachers must help students transfer their reading skills to math class. (ARH)