Assessed the effects of reinforcement on the test scores of middle- and low-income children labeled learning and behaviorally disordered. Each child was tested under conditions of no reinforcement, immediate tangible reinforcement, and immediate social reinforcement. Results indicated that test scores can be significantly increased by…

A field study is reported in which the discrepancy between verbal and nonverbal skills among 150 adjudicated male delinquents was assessed by the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, and evaluated with regard to three interpretations of the observed differences. (Author/GK)

Examines the evidence on maladaptively rigid reactions to threats or adversity at the organizational, group, and individual levels and finds that rigidity occurs when information processing and control are restricted in response to threats. Combines social-evolutionary and systems approaches to suggest a theory of threat-rigidity cycles. (RW)

Appalachians are not necessarily culturally deprived. Rather, they have a culture of their own--different from the mythical middle-America culture. This culture must be understood by teachers working with the "ghetto hillbilly" in order to respond to the needs of an individual child in a society within a society. (Author/KC)

Offers an approach to dealing with school discipline problems based on the belief that teachers must set rules and consequences, be specific in giving students messages about behavior, visit parents in home and in school, cooperate with administrators and other teachers, and impose punishments for children that they can understand. (FL)

Types of hyperactivity were studied using data from the general population epidemiological study of 10- and 11-year-old children on the Isle of Wight followed up when 14-15 years old. The findings indicated different outcomes for various types of hyperactivity and the importance of identifying the type of hyperactivity. (Author/DB)

Reports the clinical validity of the Process for Assessment of Effective Student Functioning. A clinical team studied 300 representative second and fifth graders. Found the Process was valid for predicting independent clinical judgments of the status of these children, and located potentially handicapped children better than teacher referral.…

Locus of control subjects' incorrect responses by frustrating or nonfrustrating confederates were punished by electric shock. Data indicated increased aggression after frustration by externals and less aggression by internals. Results indicate aggression is cognitively regulated by a personality-related belief in uncontrollability; the less the…

Investigated relationships between the Kaufman Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised factors, Wide-Range Achievement Test (WRAT) scores, and visual-motor maturation in children referred because of school-related problems. Results indicated significant correlations between Verbal Comprehension and Reading, Spelling, and Arithmetic…

Clinical families emitted higher rates of aggressive behavior than normals, and mother only emmitted higher rates than intact. However, mother-only normals had lower rates than intact clinical families. The intact versus mother-only factor appears to be less important in understanding aggression than do the specific interactional patterns of…

Anorexics were compared to female depressed controls to measure boundary impairment. Anorexics scored higher on inner-outer and conceptual boundary disturbance and produced significantly more responses that emphasized the solidity of object boundaries. Boundary scores were unrelated to degree of weight loss and global symptom severity. (Author)

Results indicated that adolescent males who maintain a relatively high level of acting out during residential treatment, in spite of firm and consistent treatment approaches, perceive their parents differently than do adolescents who exhibit increased self-control in the treatment setting. (SBH)

A one-year follow-up of 48 preschool children of West Indian-dorn parents was carried out to examine in greater detail the pattern of behavior problems occurring in these children, and family and social characteristics of their home environments that might be associated with the presence of behavior problems. (Author/MP)

Two groups of 5-7-year-old behaviorally disturbed boys, involved in a group therapy program, were observed on several occasions near the beginning and near the end of the program in order to determine if there were changes in selected aspects of group structure and social behavior. (MP)

The author suggests that metaphorical physical examples can sometimes help children understand psychological situations, particularly those concerned with limits, more effectively and with less embarrassment than a direct discussion of behavior. One example he gives relates pliability or brittleness in an object to the limit of a person's…