Response styles introduce construct-irrelevant variance as a result of respondents systematically responding to Likert-type items regardless of content. Methods to account for response styles through data analysis as well as approaches to mitigating the effects of response styles during data collection have been well-documented. Recent approaches…

Dispositions have been identified as critical elements of counselor development and competency. Although there is currently no professional agreement regarding the definition or structure of counselor dispositions, the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP 2016) accreditation standards require counselor…

The goal of this study was to extend research on scale contextualization (i.e., frame-of-reference effect) to the decision making styles construct, compare the effects of contextualization across three unique decision style scales, and examine the consequences of scale contextualization within an item response theory framework. Based on a mixed…

Teacher autonomy positively impacts various profession-related variables, including professional self-efficacy, motivation, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, teacher success, and job performance. The development and adaptation of sound instruments will contribute to achieving a complete understanding of teachers' autonomous behavior and…

Comparison shopping is good financial practice, but situations involving numbers and computations are challenging for consumers with math anxiety. We asked North Americans (N = 256) to select the better deal between two products differing in volume and price. As predicted, math anxiety was negatively related to performance on this Price Comparison…

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between physical education teacher candidates' epistemological beliefs and academic self-efficacy beliefs. The research group consisted of a total of 220 preservice physical education teachers (age = 22.32 ± 1.514), 99 female (45%) and 121 male (55%), studying at the Faculties of Sport Sciences…

The study examined the relationship between perfectionism (categorized by adaptive, maladaptive, and non-perfectionist clusters), substance use (i.e., drinking and smoking), and mental health in a large sample of college student (N = 841; M = 19.6 years of age) in a time-lagged design. Students were classified using a two-step cluster analysis…

According to Russian researchers, university studies is among the most stressful activities for a person. First-year university students are particularly vulnerable to stress. The use of mindfulness-based programs to help students reduce and manage stress is gaining popularity around the world. Previous research has shown that such programs can…

Teachers' attitudes and intentions play an integral role in the integration of technology into their lesson designs for mathematics. All K-8 students at the research site are now one to one with a device, either a tablet or laptop, depending on their grade level. It is up to teachers to determine how and when to integrate technology into their…

Programme development is a process that involves a systematic process that requires focus on the students' achievement and outcomes. To create an outcomes-based education programme, the university has to prepare its academicians with knowledge and skills that can help the academicians to design and develop an outcomes-based students-centered…

This study aimed to adapt Teacher Academic Optimism Scale--Secondary (TAOS-S) to Turkish culture. A total of 453 public school teachers in Turkey participated in the study. We examined the validity, reliability, and measurement invariance of the scale across school levels. The results indicated good internal consistency of the TAOS, suggesting a…

This study created and validated the Early Language Leadership Attitude instrument in order to understand elementary principals' attitudes towards early start language programs in the state of Connecticut. The Early Language Leadership Attitude instrument assesses attitudes towards early start language programming with 8 items. The 5-point Likert…

The aim of this study was to explore the connection between students' anxiety levels during language classes and their performance on English achievement exams. A random sampling method was employed to select participants. Students' levels of foreign language classroom anxiety were measured using the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale, a…

Bilingualism is associated with a number of false beliefs, myths and misconceptions, which carry implications for bilingual education and policymaking. While the language used, often in the media, to express such misconceptions may have become more subtle, a negative bias remains and is arguably more difficult to detect and defend against. The…

It should be noted that about a year after this researcher began work on this dissertation, he became seriously ill, greatly interfering with his ability to function. In 2019 he was diagnosed with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, a terminal lung disease. As his physical condition continued to worsen, work on the dissertation came to practically a…