Classroom-based, real-time communication networks are in wide use for college-level reading and writing instruction and are now being adopted for use in elementary and secondary classes. Teachers use this network-based approach to literacy instruction (known as ENFI--Electronic Networks for Interaction) to support authentic reading and writing,…

Eight papers are presented from the 1993 CAUSE conference track on leadership challenges facing managers of information technology during times of change at colleges and universities. Papers include: (1) "ASURITE: How To Avoid Creating a Distributed Computing 'Tower of Babel'!" (Neil Armann and others), which discusses the Arizona State…

A national survey of desktop computing in higher education was conducted in spring and summer 1993 at over 2500 institutions. Data were responses from public and private research universities, public and private four-year colleges and community colleges. Respondents (N=1011) were individuals specifically responsible for the operation and future…

The population of this study included the 111 public school districts in Education Service Center Regions IV and VI, serving 22 counties of southeast Texas in the Houston area. Seventy-five questionnaires were returned from 111 school districts with a return rate of 68%. A total of 24,222 computers were reported in use by the 75 districts with a…

In a feminist classroom an instructor who acts as an "interested party" rather than an authority, fosters an environment of care and connection which can result in life-changing discoveries for the participants. Drawing on David Bleich's conception of a "socially generous research" that removes hierarchical barriers between…

The Office of Technology Assessment is conducting an assessment of the effects of new information technologies--including high performance computing, data networking, and mass data archiving--on research and development. This paper offers a view of the issues and their implications for current discussions about Federal supercomputer initiatives…

The Global Education Model (GEM) Project, an undertaking of the Putnam-Northern Westchester Board of Cooperative Educational Services, is part of a larger effort to link students throughout the United States with their counterparts in other countries. GEM's educational technology is augmented by implementing, testing and analyzing nationally…

This report of a hearing begins with an opening statement by Senator J. Bennett Johnston, Chairman of the Committee, and prepared statements from Committee members Larry E. Craig and Pete V. Domenici. The text of the bill, which provides for continued U.S. leadership in high-performance computing, is then presented, followed by additional…

A computer-based collaborative approach to writing like the Daedalus Instructional System (DIS) can help students to learn to write for communication and to read for understanding. The DIS, created to reflect the collaborative learning philosophy, is networked, and fosters communication through reading and writing. The system provides CONTACT, an…

Summaries of research performed by the Information Sciences Institute at the University of Southern California for the U.S. Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency in 17 areas are provided in this report: (1) Common LISP framework, an exportable version of the Formalized Software Development (FSD) testbed; (2) Explainable Expert…

This study investigated the effects of a minimal manual version versus a cards version of documentation on students' computing behaviors while learning to use a telecommunication system (Appleshare), students' attitudes toward the documentation, and students' later use of the system. Guidelines from the work of Carroll and colleagues at the IBM…

Activities of the Institute for Computer Sciences and Technology (ICST) within the U.S. Department of Commerce during fiscal year 1986 are described in this annual report, which summarizes research and publications by ICST in the following areas: (1) standards and guidelines for computer security, including encryption and message authentication…

Asynchronous computer-based conferencing offers several unique capabilities as a medium. Participants can read and write messages at whatever time is convenient for them, groups can interact even though participants are geographically separated, and messages are available to readers almost instantly. Because the medium has served for over a decade…

A survey investigated the use of Electronic Networks for Interaction (ENFI) in composition programs, an approach using group real-time conferencing on computer networks. Real-time conferencing means that a group (from 2 to 20 participants) meets via computer synchronously and communicates in writing as a group (in one large group or in smaller…

The 1980 Amendments (P.L. 95-517) to the updated Copyright Law of 1976 contain two major provisions pertaining to computers. First, only one copy of the master copy of a piece of software may be legally duplicated--the backup copy made by the owner for archival purposes. Second, the only other legal copy of the master copy owned by the user is…