Learning hierarchy research has been characterized by the use of ad hoc statistical procedures to determine the validity of postulated hierarchical connections. Various data sets are analyzed using a restricted maximum likelihood estimation procedure; results are compared with those obtained using the method suggested by Dayton and Macready.…

Statistical techniques for summarizing results from independent correlational studies are presented. The case in which only the sample correlation coefficients are available and the case in which the original paired data are available are both considered. (Author/JKS)

The tendency to extreme scores (TES) can affect sensitive indices, such as Cattell's coefficient of pattern similarity, so that a flat profile will, in general, be found more similar to a standard than will an extreme profile. TES is especially critical when profile matching is used in clinical diagnosis. (Author/BW)

The use of Bayes' estimates for proportions in the Law of Comparative Judgment is suggested to avoid sample proportions of zero and one. (Author)

Valid statistical tests for one-subject experiments are necessary to justify statistical inferences and to ensure the acceptability of research reports to a wide range of journals and readers. The validity of randomization tests for one-subject experiments is examined. (See TM 505 800-801).(Author/JKS)

Two types of problems supposedly associated with the use of randomization tests for single-subject experiments have been discussed: the random introduction of treatments and the repeated alternation of treatments. Ways to reduce the adverse effects associated with these problems are presented. (See TM 505 799-800). (Author/JKS) (Author/JKS)

A computer-assisted examination program, written in TUTOR for PLATO IV at the School of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Illinois College of Medicine, is discussed. The system is automated from the scheduling and delivery of basic medical examinations to the analysis of student performance data. (RAO)

The Test Analysis Program (TAP) is a comprehensive, flexible computer system designed to score and to analyze objective educational tests. The goals of the designers were to construct a program which would be user-oriented, flexible, and clear in structure and in output. (Author/JKS)

A test theory model based on the Thurstone judgmental model is described. By restricting various parameters of the model, 3 Rasch models, 2 pseudo-Rasch models, 3 two-parameter models, and a Weber's Law model are derived. (Author/CTM)

The author's main concerns are with the problems of measuring handicaps and in classifying handicapped students. (IRT)

Questions the effects of tests on children, teachers, school districts, and parents. Advocates a redefinition of current testing practices. (CM)

Two reinforcement techniques were compared to determine their relative effectiveness in motivating improved science test performance in a fourth-grade classroom. The first technique, using a backup reinforcer, was effective in decreasing error rate of the class. The second simplified technique, without a backup reinforcer, was equally effective.…

A computer program is described that tests for the slope, quadratic, and cubic coefficients of a growth function generated from repeated observations. (Author)

Indicates that the movement toward minimal competency testing is widespread and growing but that its educational and social implications have yet to be evaluated. (TJ)

A simple example is presented that illustrates advantages of Bayesian and likelihood methods of inference relative to sampling distribution methods of inference. It is argued that Bayesian and likelihood methods of inference should be utilized more generally to analyze real data. (Author/CTM)