A series of independent, normally distributed events may be broken into intervals on an a priori basis. Then, within interval variance may be compared to among interval variance. These might be considered short-term and long-term variances. This concept and a test for comparing variances are presented. (Author/JKS)

Two potentially useful tests for homogeneity of variance--the jackknife test and the Box test--are described and compared. Recommendations for the use of these techniques and computational examples of each are provided. (Author/JKS)

GURU is a computer program developed to analyze data generated by open-ended question techniques such as ECHO or other semistructured data collection techniques in which data are categorized. The program provides extensive descriptive statistics and allows extensive flexibility in comparing data. (Author/JKS)

The Embellishment score on the Memory-For-Designs Test (MFD) may be a useful predictor of confabulation. Male (N=16) patients who were judged by staff to be habitual confabulators embellished their drawings on the MFD twice as frequently as a group of 16 patients of similar age (40-80) and diagnosis judged to be nonconfabulators. (Author)

Data from two separate experiments conducted to ascertain the optimum protocol for a maximum anaerobic work output test on the bicycle ergometer indicated that the test duration needs to be approximately forty seconds and the optimal frictional resistance five to six kilograms. (MB)

Discusses the relation between discrimination and identification performance, particularly with regard to experiments with speech and other signals used to draw a distinction between continuous and categorical perception. Offers three main arguments. (Author/RK)

Measurement error in dependent variables reduces the power of statistical tests to detect mean differences of specified magnitude. Procedures for determining power and sample size that consider the reliability of the dependent variable are discussed and illustrated. Methods for estimating reliability coefficients used in these procedures are…

The asymptotic power of the Cramer-von Mises test when parameters are estimated from the data is studied under certain local (contiguous) alternatives. Notion of (asymptotic) direction and distance from the null hypothesis of alternatives is introduced, and it is shown that there exist directions with maximum, minimum, and arbitrary intermediate…

Categories of questionnaire response sets and the ability to interpret response differences as related to soliciting student attitudes. (DAG)

The results of 16 pairs of "equivalent papers" were used to estimate the reliability of the papers and the extent to which each paper correlated with the year's average test grade. Estimates were also made of the work of the grade for each paper as a predictor of true subject grades. It is shown that a "profile" of grades would mislead.…

Data reported here support the view that an increase in anxiety exerts an interfering effect on test performance and suggest that attempts should be made to minimize increases and to decrease anxiety levels of students on test days. (Author/JC)

Some objections (EJ 156 226) to an earlier article of mine (EJ 123 711) concerning the use of hypothetical moral situations in moral education are first examined. It is then argued that to characterize morality as a wholly "public" or "private" affair is mistaken, as moral decision-making must involve a combination of both…

Twelve children with Down's syndrome (ages 3-5 years) were tested six times over 2.5 months on three Piagetian infant search tasks. Results suggested that cognitive ability of this population may be poorly measured by single-session testing and that caution is necessary when using tests designed for and validated on younger, nonretarded subjects.…

Examines reading disabilities in fifth grade Japanese children and concludes they are as prevalent in Japan as in many Western countries, are more prevalent in males than females, occur at the same rate in urban and rural children, and are strongly associated with an inferiority of sentence memory and reasoning, but not with word discrimination…